Attentional function and inhibitory control in different substance use disorders.

Attentional function and inhibitory control in different substance use disorders.
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不同物质使用障碍的注意功能与抑制控制。

DOI:
10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114591
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发表时间:
2022-07
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
Moeller, F. Gerard
Moeller, F. Gerard
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bjork, James M.;Keyser-Marcus, Lori;Vassileva, Jasmin;Ramey, Tatiana;Houghton, David C.;Moeller, F. Gerard

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物质使用障碍(SUD)中的注意功能尚未得到很好的理解。为了探讨SUD中的注意力功能与主要滥用物质的关系,我们对44名可卡因使用障碍(CoUD)患者、49名大麻使用障碍(CaUD)患者、86名阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)患者和107名无SUD的对照者进行了注意力网络任务(ANT),并沿着停止信号任务(SST)。ANT量化(时间)警报线索和(空间)定向线索的影响,以减少反应时间(RT)的目标,以及探测如何冲突(目标不一致)刺激慢RT。SST量化个人的能力,以抑制已经启动的运动反应。在控制性别和年龄的代表性,OUD和CaUD参与者表现出迟钝的警觉效果相比,控制,而CaUD和CoUD参与者表现出更大的刺激冲突(侧翼)的影响。最后,CoUD参与者表现出增加定向能力的趋势。在SST性能中,与对照组相比,无SUD组显示出延长的停止信号反应。然而,OUD组(和趋势水平的CoUD组)显示出延长的“去”RT的目标和降低的命中率。这些数据表明SUD患者的注意力功能与主要物质使用的功能存在差异。
Attentional function in substance use disorder (SUD) is not well understood. To probe attentional function in SUD as a function of primary substance of abuse, we administered the attentional network task (ANT) to 44 individuals with Cocaine Use Disorder (CoUD), 49 individuals with Cannabis Use Disorder (CaUD), 86 individuals with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), and 107 controls with no SUD, along with the stop-signal task (SST). The ANT quantifies the effects of (temporal) alerting cues and (spatial) orienting cues to reduce reaction time (RT) to targets, as well as probing how conflicting (target-incongruent) stimuli slow RT. The SST quantifies individuals’ ability to inhibit already-initiated motor responses. After controlling for sex representation and age, OUD and CaUD participants showed blunted alerting effects compared to controls, whereas CaUD and CoUD participants showed greater stimulus conflict (flanker) effects. Finally, CoUD participants showed a trend toward increased orienting ability. In SST performance, no SUD group showed a prolonged stop-signal reaction compared to controls. However, the OUD group (and CoUD group at trend level) showed prolonged “go” RT to targets and reduced hit rates. These data indicate differences in attentional function in persons with SUD as a function of the primary substance use.
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