A family of plasmodesmal proteins with receptor-like properties for plant viral movement proteins.
A family of plasmodesmal proteins with receptor-like properties for plant viral movement proteins.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1001119
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发表时间：
2010-09-23
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Ritzenthaler C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amari K;Boutant E;Hofmann C;Schmitt-Keichinger C;Fernandez-Calvino L;Didier P;Lerich A;Mutterer J;Thomas CL;Heinlein M;Mély Y;Maule AJ;Ritzenthaler C
胞间连丝 (PD) 是植物细胞壁中必不可少的但人们知之甚少的结构，它提供了相邻细胞之间的共质连续性和细胞间通讯途径，因此在发育和发病机制中发挥着重要作用。病毒编码运动蛋白（MP），这些蛋白可以修饰这些严格调节的孔，以促进它们在细胞之间的传播。这些修饰中最引人注目的是病毒组，它们的 MP 形成小管，在 PD 中组装，并通过小管将病毒颗粒转运到邻近的细胞。病毒 MP 和 PD 成分之间分子相互作用的性质及其在病毒运动中的作用仍然基本上未知。在这里，我们发现 PD 定位蛋白 (PDLP) 家族通过与 PD 内形成小管的 MP 进行冗余相互作用，促进使用小管引导运动的病毒的运动。这种相互作用的基因破坏会导致肾小管形成减少、感染延迟和症状减轻。我们的结果表明 PDLP 作为具有受体样特性的 PD 蛋白，涉及将病毒 MP 组装到小管中以促进病毒运动。在植物中，传播病毒感染是通过连接相邻细胞的细胞壁中称为胞间连丝的小孔发生的。自从首次发现有助于这一过程的特定病毒蛋白（运动蛋白；MP）以来，已经过去了二十年。然而，这些蛋白质如何适应胞间连丝以允许相对较大的病毒结构运动仍然很大程度上未知。在这里，我们证明了一个位于胞间连丝的蛋白质家族，称为 PDLP，在高等植物中保守，专门介导这一过程。 PDLP 与 MP 结合，组装成胞间连丝内的小管，以促进整个病毒粒子的运动。此类 MP 存在于多种植物病毒属中，我们表明这些病毒的代表具有与 PDLP 结合的 MP。当 PDLP 积累减少导致肾小管形成减少、感染延迟和症状减轻时，就显示了 PDLP 在此过程中的重要性。总而言之，我们的研究支持了这样一种情况，即 PDLP 共同支持植物的病毒感染，因此为植物病毒在宿主体内的运动机制提供了重要的机制见解。
Plasmodesmata (PD) are essential but poorly understood structures in plant cell walls that provide symplastic continuity and intercellular communication pathways between adjacent cells and thus play fundamental roles in development and pathogenesis. Viruses encode movement proteins (MPs) that modify these tightly regulated pores to facilitate their spread from cell to cell. The most striking of these modifications is observed for groups of viruses whose MPs form tubules that assemble in PDs and through which virions are transported to neighbouring cells. The nature of the molecular interactions between viral MPs and PD components and their role in viral movement has remained essentially unknown. Here, we show that the family of PD-located proteins (PDLPs) promotes the movement of viruses that use tubule-guided movement by interacting redundantly with tubule-forming MPs within PDs. Genetic disruption of this interaction leads to reduced tubule formation, delayed infection and attenuated symptoms. Our results implicate PDLPs as PD proteins with receptor-like properties involved the assembly of viral MPs into tubules to promote viral movement. In plants, spreading virus infection occurs via small pores in the cell wall named plasmodesmata that connect adjacent cells. Two decades have passed since the first discovery of specific viral proteins (movement proteins; MP) that assist this process. However, the manner by which these proteins adapt plasmodesmata to allow the movement of relatively large viral structures remains largely unknown. Here, we show that a family of plasmodesmata-located proteins, called PDLPs, which are conserved amongst higher plants, specifically mediate this process. PDLPs bind classes of MP that assemble into tubules within plasmodesmata to promote the movement of entire virions. This class of MP occurs for a diverse range of plant virus genera and we show that representatives of these viruses have MPs that bind PDLPs. The importance of PDLPs in this process was shown when reduction in accumulation led to reduced tubule formation, delayed infection and attenuated symptoms. Altogether, our study supports a scenario whereby the PDLPs work together to support virus infection of plants and as such provide important mechanistic insights into the movement mechanism of plant viruses within their hosts.
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