Pathogenicity of and plant immunity to soft rot pectobacteria.
Pathogenicity of and plant immunity to soft rot pectobacteria.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2013.00191
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Palva ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davidsson PR;Kariola T;Niemi O;Palva ET
软腐果胶杆菌是一种寄主范围广泛的肠道细菌病原体，可引起包括主要作物马铃薯在内的多种植物病害。果胶细菌是一种具有攻击性的坏死营养菌，其主要毒力决定因子是大量的植物细胞壁降解酶。这些酶与另外的毒力因子一起用于浸渍宿主组织并促进宿主细胞死亡，以为病原体提供营养。相反，（半）生物营养菌，如假单胞菌，III型分泌系统（T3 SS）和T3效应不出现中央的发病机制的果胶杆菌。事实上，最近对包括新兴病原体山葵果胶杆菌（Pectobacterium wasabiae）在内的几种果胶杆菌属物种的基因组分析表明，许多菌株缺乏整个T3 SS以及T3效应子。相反，这项分析表明存在新的毒力决定因素。对广泛宿主范围的果胶杆菌的抗性是复杂的，似乎不涉及单一的抗性基因。相反，植物先天免疫系统的激活，包括SA（水杨酸）和JA（茉莉酸）/ET（乙烯）介导的防御似乎在减弱果胶杆菌毒力中起着核心作用。这些防御是通过检测病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）或识别修饰的自我如损伤相关分子模式（DAMP）来触发的，并导致基础免疫（PAMP/DAMP触发的免疫或模式触发的免疫，PTI）的增强。特别地，由果胶杆菌分泌的降解酶的作用释放的植物细胞壁片段是增强对这些病原体的免疫力的主要参与者。最值得注意的是，细菌果胶降解酶释放寡聚半乳糖醛酸（OG）片段，被认为是DAMP激活先天免疫反应。最近的进展，了解OG识别和信号允许新的遗传筛选OG不敏感的突变体，并将提供新的见解植物防御策略，如果胶杆菌。
Soft rot pectobacteria are broad host range enterobacterial pathogens that cause disease on a variety of plant species including the major crop potato. Pectobacteria are aggressive necrotrophs that harbor a large arsenal of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes as their primary virulence determinants. These enzymes together with additional virulence factors are employed to macerate the host tissue and promote host cell death to provide nutrients for the pathogens. In contrast to (hemi)biotrophs such as Pseudomonas, type III secretion systems (T3SS) and T3 effectors do not appear central to pathogenesis of pectobacteria. Indeed, recent genomic analysis of several Pectobacterium species including the emerging pathogen Pectobacterium wasabiae has shown that many strains lack the entire T3SS as well as the T3 effectors. Instead, this analysis has indicated the presence of novel virulence determinants. Resistance to broad host range pectobacteria is complex and does not appear to involve single resistance genes. Instead, activation of plant innate immunity systems including both SA (salicylic acid) and JA (jasmonic acid)/ET (ethylene)-mediated defenses appears to play a central role in attenuation of Pectobacterium virulence. These defenses are triggered by detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or recognition of modified-self such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and result in enhancement of basal immunity (PAMP/DAMP-triggered immunity or pattern-triggered immunity, PTI). In particular plant cell wall fragments released by the action of the degradative enzymes secreted by pectobacteria are major players in enhanced immunity toward these pathogens. Most notably bacterial pectin-degrading enzymes release oligogalacturonide (OG) fragments recognized as DAMPs activating innate immune responses. Recent progress in understanding OG recognition and signaling allows novel genetic screens for OG-insensitive mutants and will provide new insights into plant defense strategies against necrotrophs such as pectobacteria.
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影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Anderson, JP;Badruzsaufari, E;Kazan, K
通讯作者：
Kazan, K
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Brader, G;Tas, É;Palva, ET
通讯作者：
Palva, ET
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
BRANCA, C;DELORENZO, G;CERVONE, F
通讯作者：
CERVONE, F
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.070357597
发表时间：
2000-03-28
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Basset, A;Khush, RS;Lemaitre, B
通讯作者：
Lemaitre, B
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Basset, A;Tzou, P;Boccard, F
通讯作者：
Boccard, F