Adolescent brain development and the risk for alcohol and other drug problems.
Adolescent brain development and the risk for alcohol and other drug problems.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11065-010-9146-6
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Tapert, Susan F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bava, Sunita;Tapert, Susan F.
神经化学、纤维结构和组织组成的动态变化发生在青少年的大脑中。由于神经成像的进步，这些成熟过程的过程被更具体地描绘出来，并表明灰质体积减少和白质在已知支持复杂认知和行为的区域长期发展。尽管额叶-皮质下回路的发育在青春期是显著的，但前额叶和边缘系统的不同步成熟可能会使年轻人更容易受到危险行为的影响，比如吸毒。事实上，酗酒和共病吸食大麻在青少年中很常见，并与神经后果有关。本文综述了青春期大脑发育的独特特征，特别是在这一阶段使个体倾向于寻求奖赏和风险选择的方面，并讨论了物质使用对神经成熟的影响。总而言之，这一领域的研究结果强调了在青少年健康和干预需求方面改进研究和规划努力的重要性。
Dynamic changes in neurochemistry, fiber architecture, and tissue composition occur in the adolescent brain. The course of these maturational processes is being charted with greater specificity, owing to advances in neuroimaging and indicate grey matter volume reductions and protracted development of white matter in regions known to support complex cognition and behavior. Though fronto-subcortical circuitry development is notable during adolescence, asynchronous maturation of prefrontal and limbic systems may render youth more vulnerable to risky behaviors such as substance use. Indeed, binge-pattern alcohol consumption and comorbid marijuana use are common among adolescents, and are associated with neural consequences. This review summarizes the unique characteristics of adolescent brain development, particularly aspects that predispose individuals to reward seeking and risky choices during this phase of life, and discusses the influence of substance use on neuromaturation. Together, findings in this arena underscore the importance of refined research and programming efforts in adolescent health and interventional needs.
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2.8
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