Genomic and neural analysis of the estradiol-synthetic pathway in the zebra finch.
Genomic and neural analysis of the estradiol-synthetic pathway in the zebra finch.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2202-11-46
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Clayton DF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
London SE;Clayton DF
类固醇是源于胆固醇的小分子荷尔蒙。类固醇会影响许多组织，包括大脑。在斑马雀中，雌激素类固醇特别有趣，因为它们使控制歌唱的神经回路雄性化，它们在大脑中的合成受到经验的调节。在这里，我们分析了斑马雀基因组组装，以评估雌激素合成途径和类固醇核受体组件的编码基因的含量、保守性和组织。基于这些分析，我们还在宋氏神经生物学的背景下研究了胆固醇转运蛋白基因的神经表达。我们使用基因组组装和其他资源对20个类固醇相关基因进行了基于序列的分析。一般说来，斑马雀基因与其他物种的基因具有很高的同源性。鸣禽类固醇合成酶和受体的多样性可能低于哺乳动物；我们无法确定斑雀基因组中已知的所有哺乳动物3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶和17个β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶家族的异构体，也不是所有在哺乳动物中描述的剪接位点都在相应的斑马雀基因中被识别。我们确实确定了两个因子，Nobox和NR1H2-RXR，它们可能对多个类固醇相关基因的协调转录起到重要作用。我们发现两种胆固醇转运蛋白，18 kDa胆固醇转运蛋白(TSPO)和类固醇合成急性调节蛋白(STAR)基因中预测的转录因子结合位点几乎没有质量上的重叠。因此，我们对TSPO进行了原位杂交，发现其mRNA并不总是在先前显示表达STAR和类固醇生成酶的大脑区域中检测到。此外，TSPO的转录，而不是STAR，可能受到听到歌曲的经验的调控。雌二醇合成和活动所需的基因在斑马雀基因组组合中有表达，尽管类固醇合成基因在鸟类中的补充量可能比哺乳动物少。多个类固醇合成基因的协同转录是可能的，但结果与STAR和TSPO mRNAs共同调控的假设不一致。基因组和神经解剖学分析的结合将继续为鸣禽大脑中类固醇生成的进化和功能提供洞察力。
Steroids are small molecule hormones derived from cholesterol. Steroids affect many tissues, including the brain. In the zebra finch, estrogenic steroids are particularly interesting because they masculinize the neural circuit that controls singing and their synthesis in the brain is modulated by experience. Here, we analyzed the zebra finch genome assembly to assess the content, conservation, and organization of genes that code for components of the estrogen-synthetic pathway and steroid nuclear receptors. Based on these analyses, we also investigated neural expression of a cholesterol transport protein gene in the context of song neurobiology. We present sequence-based analysis of twenty steroid-related genes using the genome assembly and other resources. Generally, zebra finch genes showed high homology to genes in other species. The diversity of steroidogenic enzymes and receptors may be lower in songbirds than in mammals; we were unable to identify all known mammalian isoforms of the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase families in the zebra finch genome assembly, and not all splice sites described in mammals were identified in the corresponding zebra finch genes. We did identify two factors, Nobox and NR1H2-RXR, that may be important for coordinated transcription of multiple steroid-related genes. We found very little qualitative overlap in predicted transcription factor binding sites in the genes for two cholesterol transport proteins, the 18 kDa cholesterol transport protein (TSPO) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). We therefore performed in situ hybridization for TSPO and found that its mRNA was not always detected in brain regions where StAR and steroidogenic enzymes were previously shown to be expressed. Also, transcription of TSPO, but not StAR, may be regulated by the experience of hearing song. The genes required for estradiol synthesis and action are represented in the zebra finch genome assembly, though the complement of steroidogenic genes may be smaller in birds than in mammals. Coordinated transcription of multiple steroidogenic genes is possible, but results were inconsistent with the hypothesis that StAR and TSPO mRNAs are co-regulated. Integration of genomic and neuroanatomical analyses will continue to provide insights into the evolution and function of steroidogenesis in the songbird brain.
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Jin, H;Clayton, DF
通讯作者：
Clayton, DF
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Giatzakis, C;Papadopoulos, V
通讯作者：
Papadopoulos, V
DOI：
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.03.010
发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Chow, Jenny D. Y.;Simpson, Evan R.;Boon, Wah Chin
通讯作者：
Boon, Wah Chin
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Itoh, Yuichiro;Kampf, Kathy;Arnold, Arthur P.
通讯作者：
Arnold, Arthur P.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Arnold, AP
通讯作者：
Arnold, AP