Atrial natriuretic factor: structure and functional properties.
Atrial natriuretic factor: structure and functional properties.
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心房钠尿因子：结构和功能特性。
作者：
T. Maack;M. Camargo;H. Kleinert;J. Laragh;S. Atlas
1964年，Jamieson和Palade [1]发表了他们关于特定心房颗粒形态学特征的研究，得出结论认为心房肌纤维形成并储存了一群颗粒，推测其本质上是分泌性的。“当时，已经假定心房参与细胞外容量调节[2]，并且，沿着沿着不同的证据线，一些研究人员正在寻找假定的利钠激素[3]。因此，令人惊讶的是，心房分泌颗粒的存在并没有立即引起注意，作为一种可能的利钠物质的来源。15年后，De Bold等人[4]报道了一项决定性的实验，表明哺乳动物的心房确实含有利钠因子。在该实验中，发现静脉推注粗心房而非心室提取物可导致快速的尿钠排泄、利尿和钾尿排泄，起效非常快（1至2分钟），持续时间相对较短（10至20分钟）[4]。钠排泄峰值达到基础水平的30- 40倍，这一作用幅度立即使心房利钠因子（ANF）成为迄今为止描述的最强大的内源性利钠物质。此外，在同一项研究中，发现粗心房提取物降低血压，这种作用的时间过程与其利钠作用密切相关。随后，包括人类在内的几种哺乳动物的心房被证明含有心房利钠因子[5]。自这一发现以来，在确认胜利阵线及其行动方面取得了显著进展。在短短3年的时间里，ANF被鉴定为具有直接血管和利钠作用的肽或肽组。这些肽被纯化，测序和合成，并通过现代互补DNA克隆技术建立了ANF前体的整个序列。此外，纯的和合成的心房肽对肾功能、平滑肌收缩性和肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的作用已被广泛表征。目前的非包容性的简短审查的目的是作为一个关键的评价有关文献的化学和功能特性的ANF，特别强调后者。一些开放的问题和未来的观点也将被考虑。一个开场白是恰当的。除非有直接和明确的证据表明心钠素在血液中循环，并且其血浆浓度随着适当的刺激而变化，否则心钠素还不应该被称为“利钠激素”。“（见证明中添加的注释）
In 1964 Jamieson and Palade [1] published their study on the morphological characterization of specific atrial granules, concluding that atrial muscle fibers "form and store a population of granules presumably secretory in nature." At that time, it had already been postulated that the atria were involved in extracellular volume regulation [2] and, working along different lines of evidence, some investigators were searching for a putative natriuretic hormone [3]. It is therefore surprising that the presence of atrial secretory granules did not command immediate attention as a possible source of a natriuretic substance. More than 15 years elapsed before De Bold et al [4] reported the decisive experiment showing that the atria of mammals indeed contain a natriuretic factor. In this experiment it was found that intravenous bolus administration of crude atrial but not ventricular extract leads to a brisk natriuresis, diuresis, and kaliuresis of very rapid onset (1 to 2 min) and relatively short duration (10 to 20 min) [4]. The peak sodium excretion reached as much as 30- to 40-fold basal levels, a magnitude of action which immediately situated atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) as the most powerful endogenous natriuretic substance described to date. In addition, in the same study it was found that crude atrial extract decreased blood pressure, the time course of this effect closely following its natriuretic effect. Subsequently, the atrium of several mammals, including humans, were shown to contain the atrial natriuretic factor [5]. Since this discovery, progress on the identification and actions of the ANF has been remarkable. In a short span of 3 years, ANF was identified as a peptide or group of peptides having direct vascular as well as natriuretic effects. These peptides were purified, sequenced and synthesized, and the entire sequence of an ANF precursor was established by modern complementary DNA cloning techniques. Furthermore, the effects of pure and synthetic atrial peptides on renal function, smooth muscle contractility, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system have been characterized in broad terms. The present non-inclusive short review is intended as a critical appraisal of the pertinent literature on the chemical and functional properties of ANF with special emphasis on the latter. Some of the open questions and future perspectives will also be considered. An opening cautionary note is pertinent. Until there is direct and unequivocal evidence that ANF circulates in blood and that its plasma concentration changes with appropriate stimuli, ANF should not as yet be referred to as a "natriuretic hormone." (See the note added in proof)
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.81.23.7661
发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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