Indigenous knowledge and rangelands' biodiversity conservation in Tanzania: success and failure.
Indigenous knowledge and rangelands' biodiversity conservation in Tanzania: success and failure.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10531-020-02060-z
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Selemani IS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Selemani IS
坦桑尼亚是拥有多样牧场生物资源的非洲国家之一，拥有全球25个已知生物多样性热点中的6个。尽管政府在生物多样性保护方面做出了努力，但随着人口的增加，牧场生物多样性利用面临的压力也在不断增加。由于几乎没有认识到地方知识在生物多样性保护方面的贡献，本论文回顾了坦桑尼亚现有土著知识的潜力以及限制采用这一关于牧场生物多样性保护的重要知识所面临的挑战。传统围栏和牧场流动是用于恢复退化牧场和保护脆弱生态系统的重要土著做法。当地社区与复杂生态系统的共存为他们提供了保护牧场生物多样性的良好经验。然而，该国牧场生物多样性的日益丧失归因于忽视了当地社区的贡献，这些社区拥有丰富的牧场管理方面的土著知识和技能。阻碍采用和参与保护土著知识的挑战包括：对牧区社区的科学偏见、当地专门知识的丧失、知识传承系统差、贫困、冲突和大流行病的出现。为了有效和可持续地利用土著知识，建议采取以下措施：让当地社区充分参与保护进程，增强当地社区减少贫困和冲突的能力，将土著知识纳入保护教育的主流，强调生计多样化以减少对生物资源的依赖，并促进记录现有土著知识的研究。
Tanzania is one of the African countries endowed with diverse rangeland’s biological resources hosting 6 out of 25 globally known biodiversity hotspots. Despite, government efforts on biodiversity conservation, the pressures on rangelands’ biodiversity utilization are growing in line with increasing human population. With little recognition of contribution of local knowledge in biodiversity conservation, the current paper reviewed the potential of available indigenous knowledge in Tanzania and challenges limiting adoption of this vital knowledge on rangeland’s biodiversity conservation. This review established that, the country has rich indigenous knowledge potential for rangeland management and biodiversity conservation. Traditional enclosures and pastoral mobility are among the important indigenous practices used for rehabilitation of degraded rangelands and conservation of fragile ecosystems. The coexistence of local communities with complex ecosystems offers them excellent experiences on rangelands’ biodiversity conservation. However, increasingly loss of rangelands’ biodiversity in the country is attributed to ignoring the contribution of local communities which are rich in indigenous knowledge and skills on rangelands management. Among of the challenges hindering the adoption and involvement of indigenous knowledge to conservation are; scientific bias toward pastoral communities, loss of local expertise, poor knowledge inheritance systems, poverty, conflicts and emergence of pandemic diseases. For effective and sustainable utilisation of indigenous knowledge, the following are recommended; fully engagement of local communities in conservation process, empowering local communities to reduce poverty and conflicts, mainstreaming the indigenous knowledge to conservation education, emphasising on livelihoods diversification to reduce reliance on biological resources and promoting studies to document existing indigenous knowledge.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Carvalho, Ana Maria;Frazao-Moreira, Amelia
通讯作者：
Frazao-Moreira, Amelia
影响因子：
1
作者：
Mapinduzi, AL;Oba, G;Colman, JE
通讯作者：
Colman, JE
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Kideghesho, Jafari R.;Roskaft, Eivin;Kaltenborn, Bjorn P.
通讯作者：
Kaltenborn, Bjorn P.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Homewood, Katherine M.;Trench, Pippa Chenevix;Brockington, Daniel
通讯作者：
Brockington, Daniel
DOI：
10.1016/j.cosust.2019.12.006
发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Hill, Rosemary;Adem, Cigdem;Xue, Dayuan
通讯作者：
Xue, Dayuan