Ocular opportunistic infection incidences among patients who are HIV positive compared to patients who are HIV negative.
Ocular opportunistic infection incidences among patients who are HIV positive compared to patients who are HIV negative.
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与 HIV 阴性患者相比，HIV 阳性患者的眼部机会性感染发生率。
DOI：
10.1016/s0161-6420(98)95033-3
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Todd P. Margolis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
William G. Hodge;William G. Hodge;S. Seiff;Todd P. Margolis
目的 该研究的目的是检查人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 阳性患者与 HIV 阴性患者相比眼部机会性感染的发生率。设计该研究设计是一项回顾性队列研究。参与者所有患者均从 1984 年至 1995 年在旧金山总医院招募。干预比较暴露组（HIV 阳性）和非暴露对照组之间的众多诊断的发生率（HIV 阴性）。 主要观察指标 研究的诊断为巨细胞病毒 (CMV) 视网膜炎、眼部带状疱疹、卡氏肺囊虫脉络膜病、单纯疱疹性角膜炎、弓形虫视网膜炎、真菌性视网膜炎、眼梅毒和眼淋巴瘤。 结果 在 HIV 阳性池中，共有 1800 名患者就诊，总计 1800 名患者就诊。 5200 人年的随访。在 HIV 阴性对照池中，有 48,200 名患者就诊，总计随访 30,100 人年。使用乘积限制法计算发病率，并使用Cox比例风险模型计算风险比。使用发病密度法计算发病率差异。在研究的结果中，只有巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎、眼部带状疱疹以及较小程度的弓形虫性视网膜炎在艾滋病毒阳性患者中与艾滋病毒阴性患者相比显示出较高的风险比和发生率差异。在研究的其他结果中，HIV 阳性患者与 HIV 阴性患者之间的风险比、发生率差异或两者相似。 结论 并非所有在 HIV 阳性患者中发现的眼部感染都应被视为机会性感染，因为许多眼部感染在 HIV 阴性患者中发生率相似。其生物学原因需要进一步研究。
OBJECTIVEThe purpose of the study was to examine the incidence of ocular opportunistic infections among patients who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive compared to patients who are HIV negative.DESIGNThe study design was a retrospective cohort study.PARTICIPANTSAll patients were recruited from 1984 until 1995 at the San Francisco General Hospital.INTERVENTIONIncidences for numerous diagnoses were compared among the exposure group (HIV positive) and nonexposed control group (HIV negative).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESThe diagnoses studied were cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, Pneumocystis carinii choroidopathy, herpes simplex keratitis, Toxoplasma retinitis, fungal retinitis, ocular syphilis, and ocular lymphoma.RESULTSAmong the HIV-positive pool, there were 1800 patient visits with a total of 5200 person-years of follow-up. Among the HIV-negative control pool, there were 48,200 patient visits with a total of 30,100 person-years of follow-up. Incidence rates were calculated using the product-limit method, and risk ratios were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Incidence rate differences were calculated using the incidence density method. Among the outcomes studied, only CMV retinitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and, to a lesser extent, Toxoplasma retinitis showed both an elevated risk ratio and rate difference among patients who were HIV positive compared to patients who were HIV negative. Of the other outcomes studied, either the risk ratio, rate difference, or both were similar among patients who were HIV positive compared to patients who were HIV negative.CONCLUSIONSNot all ocular infections seen in patients who are HIV positive should be considered opportunistic, because many occur with similar incidence among patients who are HIV negative. The biologic reasons for this will require further study.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Sellitti,TP;Huang,AJ;Schiffman,J;Davis,JL
通讯作者：
Davis,JL
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
G. Holland;G. Holland;J. Pepose;T. H. Pettit;T. H. Pettit;M. Gottlieb;R. Yee;R. Yee;R. Foos;R. Foos
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
BARTLETT, JG
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
D. Jabs;W. Green;Robin Fox;B. Polk;J. Bartlett
通讯作者：
D. Jabs;W. Green;Robin Fox;B. Polk;J. Bartlett
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
KASLOW, RA