Food- and water-borne disease: using case control studies to estimate the force of infection that accounts for primary, sporadic cases.
Food- and water-borne disease: using case control studies to estimate the force of infection that accounts for primary, sporadic cases.
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食源性和水媒疾病：利用病例对照研究估算原发性零星病例的感染力。
DOI：
10.1016/j.epidem.2013.04.002
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发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Smith, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, G.
明确考虑到感染风险异质性的疾病模型比假设感染风险在所有宿主中是均匀的模型具有显著的优势。然而，估计不同高危（暴露）人群的发病率（感染力）并非易事。传统上，流行病学家根据宿主暴露于假定的解释性危险因素的程度来区分具有不同感染风险的宿主群体。这些危险因素的重要性是通过病例对照研究来评估的，在这些研究中，衡量效果（一个人群与另一个人群之间疾病发生的差异）的方法是优势比。本文首次描述了如何——以及在什么情况下——从病例对照研究中得出的比值比来估计这些不同暴露组的发病率，在病例对照研究中，对照是通过密度抽样选择的。这种新的估计技术可应用于任何传播方式，但在食源性和水传播疾病模型的情况下特别有用，因为病例控制文献是一个巨大的、尚未开发的资源。这篇论文最后给出了一个使用最常见的食物和水传播病原体之一弓形虫的工作实例。
Disease models which take explicit account of heterogeneities in the risk of infection offer significant advantages over models in which the risk of infection is assumed to be uniform across all hosts. However, estimating the incidence rate (force of infection) in the different at-risk (exposure) groups is no easy matter. Classically, epidemiologists differentiate groups of hosts with different infection-risks according to their exposure to putative explanatory risk factors. The importance of these risk factors is assessed by case-control studies, in which the measure of effect (the difference in disease occurrence between one population and another) is the odds ratio. This paper describes for the first time how- and under what circumstances – the incidence in these different exposure groups can be estimated from odds ratios derived from case control studies in which controls have been selected by density sampling. This new estimation technique can be applied to any transmission modality but is especially useful in the case of models of food- and water-borne disease for which the case control literature represents a vast and, as yet, untapped resource. The paper finishes with a worked example using one of the most common of all food- and water-borne pathogens, Toxoplasma gondii.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Opsteegh, M.;Haveman, R.;van der Giessen, J. W. B.
通讯作者：
van der Giessen, J. W. B.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Jones, JL;Kruszon-Moran, D;McAuley, JB
通讯作者：
McAuley, JB
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Rorres, C.;Pelletier, S. T. K.;Smith, G.
通讯作者：
Smith, G.
DOI：
10.1016/0021-9681(75)90066-1
发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF CHRONIC DISEASES
影响因子：
--
作者：
ROTHMAN, KJ
通讯作者：
ROTHMAN, KJ
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
SHAM, PC;MACLEAN, CJ;KENDLER, KS
通讯作者：
KENDLER, KS