TMS-induced cortical potentiation during wakefulness locally increases slow wave activity during sleep.
TMS-induced cortical potentiation during wakefulness locally increases slow wave activity during sleep.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000276
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发表时间：
2007-03-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tononi G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huber R;Esser SK;Ferrarelli F;Massimini M;Peterson MJ;Tononi G
睡眠慢波活动（SWA）被认为反映了睡眠需求，与先前清醒的时间成比例增加，并在睡眠期间减少。然而，负责SWA监管的流程尚不清楚。我们最近发现，SWA增加局部学习任务后，涉及一个有限的大脑区域，这表明SWA可能反映了可塑性变化引发的学习。为了直接验证这一假设，我们使用了经颅磁刺激（TMS）结合高密度脑电图在人类。我们发现，5-Hz TMS应用于运动皮层诱导TMS诱发的皮层EEG反应的局部增强。然后，我们发现，在5 Hz TMS后的睡眠事件中，SWA显著增加（+39.1至17.4%，p<0.01，n = 10）。 与磁共振图像的电极配准定位在同一运动前区的最大TMS诱导的增强清醒期间SWA的增加。此外，清醒期间增强的幅度预测了睡眠期间SWA的局部增加。这些结果为塑料变化和睡眠需求的局部调节之间的联系提供了直接证据。
Sleep slow wave activity (SWA) is thought to reflect sleep need, increasing in proportion to the length of prior wakefulness and decreasing during sleep. However, the process responsible for SWA regulation is not known. We showed recently that SWA increases locally after a learning task involving a circumscribed brain region, suggesting that SWA may reflect plastic changes triggered by learning. To test this hypothesis directly, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in conjunction with high-density EEG in humans. We show that 5-Hz TMS applied to motor cortex induces a localized potentiation of TMS-evoked cortical EEG responses. We then show that, in the sleep episode following 5-Hz TMS, SWA increases markedly (+39.1±17.4%, p<0.01, n = 10). Electrode coregistration with magnetic resonance images localized the increase in SWA to the same premotor site as the maximum TMS-induced potentiation during wakefulness. Moreover, the magnitude of potentiation during wakefulness predicts the local increase in SWA during sleep. These results provide direct evidence for a link between plastic changes and the local regulation of sleep need.
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