Highly variable rates of genome rearrangements between hemiascomycetous yeast lineages.
Highly variable rates of genome rearrangements between hemiascomycetous yeast lineages.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.0020032
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发表时间：
2006-03
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Dujon B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer G;Rocha EP;Brunet F;Vergassola M;Dujon B
半子囊菌酵母的进化跨度可与脊索动物的整个门相媲美。由于这一组目前包含了最大数量的完整基因组序列，这为理解真核生物基因组组织的进化提供了独特的机会。我们推断了11个物种在系统发育树的所有分支上的基因组不稳定性的比率，并计算了特定物种的基因组重排比率。我们描述了发生在六个不同谱系代表之间的同步性区块内的所有反转事件。我们发现，基因顺序的宏观和微观重排的比率在个体谱系中是相关的，但在不同的谱系中是高度不同的。最不稳定的基因组对应于致病酵母菌、白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌。染色体图谱通过大量的染色体间重排而被密集地洗牌，甚至在那些在小的合线区块中保留了非常高的基因组物理部分的物种之间也是如此。尽管基因位置发生了密集的重新洗牌，但在酿酒酵母基因组中聚集在低重组区域的必需基因在进化过程中往往保持共线。这项工作揭示了真核生物基因组的高可塑性是由于重排速度在不同的谱系之间不同，但也在不同的进化时间的给定谱系。酿酒酵母已被证明是一种非常强大的模式生物，可以破译我们细胞的分子功能。它也是第一个在1996年完成基因组测序的真核生物(包括人类在内的生命领域)。有数以百计的酵母品种，覆盖着巨大的遗传多样性。在第一个真核生物全基因组序列公布近十年后，酵母仍然处于基因组学领域的前沿，因为它们代表了已经公布的最多完整基因组序列的真核生物的单系类群。对它们组织结构的比较分析现在为剖析基因组进化过程的机制基础提供了一个精妙的工具。这项研究揭示了真核生物基因组的非凡可塑性。它还表明，基因组重排的速度不同，不仅在不同的谱系之间，而且在给定谱系的不同进化时间也是如此。最后，尽管致病酵母菌与白念珠菌和光滑念珠菌有很远的亲缘关系，但它们的基因组在所有菌种中都是最不稳定的。
Hemiascomycete yeasts cover an evolutionary span comparable to that of the entire phylum of chordates. Since this group currently contains the largest number of complete genome sequences it presents unique opportunities to understand the evolution of genome organization in eukaryotes. We inferred rates of genome instability on all branches of a phylogenetic tree for 11 species and calculated species-specific rates of genome rearrangements. We characterized all inversion events that occurred within synteny blocks between six representatives of the different lineages. We show that the rates of macro- and microrearrangements of gene order are correlated within individual lineages but are highly variable across different lineages. The most unstable genomes correspond to the pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Chromosomal maps have been intensively shuffled by numerous interchromosomal rearrangements, even between species that have retained a very high physical fraction of their genomes within small synteny blocks. Despite this intensive reshuffling of gene positions, essential genes, which cluster in low recombination regions in the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, tend to remain syntenic during evolution. This work reveals that the high plasticity of eukaryotic genomes results from rearrangement rates that vary between lineages but also at different evolutionary times of a given lineage. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has proved to be a very powerful model organism for deciphering the molecular functioning of our cells. It also is the first eukaryote (the domain of life that includes human) whose genome has been completely sequenced in 1996. There are hundreds of species of yeast covering a tremendous genetic diversity. Almost ten years after the release of the first complete eukaryotic genome sequence, yeasts are still at the forefront of the field of genomics as they represent the monophyletic group of eukaryotes for which the largest number of complete genome sequences has been unveiled. The comparative analysis of their organization now provides an exquisite tool to dissect the mechanistic underpinnings of the process of genome evolution. This study reveals the extraordinary plasticity of the eukaryotic genomes. It also shows that genomes get rearranged at different rates both between the different lineages but also at the different evolutionary times of a given lineage. Finally, in spite of their distant phylogenetic relationship, pathogenic yeasts such as the two main causatives of human candidiasis, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata species, harbor the most unstable genomes of all lineages.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Murphy, WJ;Larkin, DM;Lewin, HA
通讯作者：
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