Association of in utero organophosphate pesticide exposure and fetal growth and length of gestation in an agricultural population.
Association of in utero organophosphate pesticide exposure and fetal growth and length of gestation in an agricultural population.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6789
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发表时间：
2004-07
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Holland NT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eskenazi B;Harley K;Bradman A;Weltzien E;Jewell NP;Barr DB;Furlong CE;Holland NT
虽然农药的使用很普遍，但人们对子宫内接触农药对健康的潜在不利影响知之甚少。我们研究了怀孕期间有机磷农药暴露对胎儿生长和妊娠期的影响，研究对象是生活在加州萨利纳斯山谷农业社区的低收入拉丁裔妇女。我们检测了两次孕妇尿液中有机磷农药（二甲基磷酸盐和二乙基磷酸盐）的非特异性代谢物和马拉硫磷（马拉硫磷二羧酸）、噻虫啉[O，O-二乙基O-（3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶基）硫代磷]和对硫磷（4-硝基酚）的特异性代谢物。我们还测量了全血胆碱酯酶水平和血浆丁酰胆碱酯酶在母体和脐带血。我们未能证明胎儿生长和子宫内有机磷农药暴露的任何措施之间的不利关系。事实上，我们发现体长和头围的增加与某些暴露措施有关。然而，我们确实发现妊娠持续时间的减少与子宫内农药暴露的两项测量有关：尿二甲基磷酸代谢物[β调整= - 0.41周/ log10单位增加；95%置信区间（CI），−0.75 ~−0.02；p = 0.02]，这反映了暴露于二甲基有机磷化合物，如马拉硫磷和脐带胆碱酯酶（β调整= 0.34周/单位增加；95% CI, 0.13-0.55; p = 0.001）。妊娠期缩短与妊娠后期暴露水平增加的关系最为明显。鉴于有机磷农药抑制胆碱酯酶和乙酰胆碱刺激子宫收缩，这些与胎龄的关联在生物学上可能是合理的。然而，尽管观察到这些关联，该人群的早产率（6.4%）低于美国参考人群。
Although pesticide use is widespread, little is known about potential adverse health effects of in utero exposure. We investigated the effects of organophosphate pesticide exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth and gestational duration in a cohort of low-income, Latina women living in an agricultural community in the Salinas Valley, California. We measured nonspecific metabolites of organophosphate pesticides (dimethyl and diethyl phosphates) and metabolites specific to malathion (malathion dicarboxylic acid), chlorpyrifos [O,O-diethyl O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) phosphoro-thioate], and parathion (4-nitrophenol) in maternal urine collected twice during pregnancy. We also measured levels of cholinesterase in whole blood and butyryl cholinesterase in plasma in maternal and umbilical cord blood. We failed to demonstrate an adverse relationship between fetal growth and any measure of in utero organophosphate pesticide exposure. In fact, we found increases in body length and head circumference associated with some exposure measures. However, we did find decreases in gestational duration associated with two measures of in utero pesticide exposure: urinary dimethyl phosphate metabolites [βadjusted = −0.41 weeks per log10 unit increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.75–−0.02; p = 0.02], which reflect exposure to dimethyl organophosphate compounds such as malathion, and umbilical cord cholinesterase (βadjusted = 0.34 weeks per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.13–0.55; p = 0.001). Shortened gestational duration was most clearly related to increasing exposure levels in the latter part of pregnancy. These associations with gestational age may be biologically plausible given that organophosphate pesticides depress cholinesterase and acetylcholine stimulates contraction of the uterus. However, despite these observed associations, the rate of preterm delivery in this population (6.4%) was lower than in a U.S. reference population.
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
ELLMAN, GL;COURTNEY, KD;FEATHERSTONE, RM
通讯作者：
FEATHERSTONE, RM
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Fenske RA;Lu C;Barr D;Needham L
通讯作者：
Needham L
在多种族的城市队列中，怀孕期间室内农药接触。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Berkowitz, Gertrud S;Obel, Josephine;Deych, Elena;Lapinski, Robert;Godbold, James;Liu, Zhisong;Landrigan, Philip J;Wolff, Mary S
通讯作者：
Wolff, Mary S
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bravo, R;Driskell, WJ;Barr, DB
通讯作者：
Barr, DB
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Curl, CL;Fenske, RA;Thompson, B
通讯作者：
Thompson, B