What drives successful verbal communication?
What drives successful verbal communication?
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00622
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Willems RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Boer M;Toni I;Willems RM
在交流中，行为和意图之间存在着大量的潜在映射：一种行为可以表明多种不同的意图，同样的意图可以通过多种行为进行交流。人类在为收件人生成话语时，通常会解决这些多对多的参考问题。这种能力可能依赖于社会认知技能，例如，操纵不可观察的总结变量来消除其他代理的模糊行为的能力（“心理化”）和投入资源来改变和理解其他代理的心理状态的动力（“沟通动机”）。另外，语言交际互动的模糊性可能通过处理与交际互动偶然相关的线索的通用认知能力来解决。在这项研究中，我们通过测试哪些认知特征在言语参照任务中解释了交际成功来评估这些可能性。认知特征通过量化动机、心智化能力、通用认知能力和抽象视觉空间能力的心理测量分数进行评估。参与者的沟通能力通过使用在线互动任务进行评估，该任务要求说话者口头向收件人传达一个概念。话语的交际成功是通过测量一些评估者推断正确概念的频率来量化的。具有高动机和通用认知能力的说话者产生的话语更容易被理解。这些发现延伸到言语交际领域，即动机和认知因素影响着人类快速聚合于共同交际创新的能力。
There is a vast amount of potential mappings between behaviors and intentions in communication: a behavior can indicate a multitude of different intentions, and the same intention can be communicated with a variety of behaviors. Humans routinely solve these many-to-many referential problems when producing utterances for an Addressee. This ability might rely on social cognitive skills, for instance, the ability to manipulate unobservable summary variables to disambiguate ambiguous behavior of other agents (“mentalizing”) and the drive to invest resources into changing and understanding the mental state of other agents (“communicative motivation”). Alternatively, the ambiguities of verbal communicative interactions might be solved by general-purpose cognitive abilities that process cues that are incidentally associated with the communicative interaction. In this study, we assess these possibilities by testing which cognitive traits account for communicative success during a verbal referential task. Cognitive traits were assessed with psychometric scores quantifying motivation, mentalizing abilities, and general-purpose cognitive abilities, taxing abstract visuo-spatial abilities. Communicative abilities of participants were assessed by using an on-line interactive task that required a speaker to verbally convey a concept to an Addressee. The communicative success of the utterances was quantified by measuring how frequently a number of Evaluators would infer the correct concept. Speakers with high motivational and general-purpose cognitive abilities generated utterances that were more easily interpreted. These findings extend to the domain of verbal communication the notion that motivational and cognitive factors influence the human ability to rapidly converge on shared communicative innovations.
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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