Identifying animal complex cognition requires natural complexity.

Identifying animal complex cognition requires natural complexity.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.isci.2021.102195
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发表时间:
2021-03-19
期刊:
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Boesch C
Boesch C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Boesch C

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对人类认知独特性的研究往往依赖于低生态测试,受试者经历了非自然的个体发育。最近,神经科学证明了丰富的环境对大脑结构和认知能力发展的重要性。这强调了考虑受试者在任何实验中带来的先验知识的重要性。其次,多元统计学的最新发展精确地控制了许多因素及其相互作用。使自然观测中的对照与圈养实验研究相当,有时甚至比圈养实验研究优越上级,而没有后者方法的缺点。因此,我们现在可以通过考虑许多不同的因素来研究复杂的认知,就像解决自然界中的任务一样。结合这两个进展使我们能够走向“经验特定的认知”,认识到认知在本质上是广泛变化的,因为个人适应他们在生活中所经历的确切挑战。这种认知专门化使得跨物种比较更加复杂,同时可能识别人类认知的独特性。生物科学;神经科学;行为神经科学;认知神经科学
The search for human cognitive uniqueness often relied on low ecological tests with subjects experiencing unnatural ontogeny. Recently, neuroscience demonstrated the significance of a rich environment on the development of brain structures and cognitive abilities. This stresses the importance to consider the prior knowledge that subjects bring in any experiment. Second, recent developments in multivariate statistics control precisely for a number of factors and their interactions. Making controls in natural observations equivalent and sometimes superior to captive experimental studies without the drawbacks of the latter methods. Thus, we can now investigate complex cognition by accounting for many different factors, as required when solving tasks in nature. Combining both progresses allows us to move toward an “experience-specific cognition”, recognizing that cognition varies extensively in nature as individuals adapt to the precise challenges they experience in life. Such cognitive specialization makes cross-species comparisons more complex, while potentially identifying human cognitive uniqueness. Biological Sciences; Neuroscience; Behavioral Neuroscience; Cognitive Neuroscience
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