Psychosocial characteristics as potential predictors of suicide in adults: an overview of the evidence with new results from prospective cohort studies.
Psychosocial characteristics as potential predictors of suicide in adults: an overview of the evidence with new results from prospective cohort studies.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41398-017-0072-8
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-22
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Gunnell D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batty GD;Kivimäki M;Bell S;Gale CR;Shipley M;Whitley E;Gunnell D
在这篇将心理社会因素与未来自杀风险联系起来的证据的叙述性概述中，我们收集了已发表的关于自杀事件(死亡率或较不常见的住院)的前瞻性研究报告的结果，并对新数据进行了分析。有大量证据表明，社会经济地位低，无论所涉国家的经济状况如何，都与自杀风险增加有关，其中包括最近的全球经济衰退是自杀死亡和企图自杀增加的原因。社交孤立、智力测试得分低、严重精神疾病(两者都特别严重)、慢性心理困扰和较低的身体身高(童年暴露的标志)也一直与自杀率上升有关。虽然有一些关于心理社会压力、个性倾向和早期生活特征的间接证据，如欺凌是自杀的风险指标，但总体上缺乏研究意味着目前还不可能就它们的作用得出明确的结论。大多数自杀干预策略传统上没有探索心理社会因素的改变，部分原因是，如本文所示，将心理社会因素与自杀风险联系起来的证据主要处于初级阶段，或者在确实存在的情况下，例如在智力和人格倾向方面，所讨论的特征似乎不容易形成。
In this narrative overview of the evidence linking psychosocial factors with future suicide risk, we collected results from published reports of prospective studies with verified suicide events (mortality or, less commonly, hospitalisation) alongside analyses of new data. There is abundant evidence indicating that low socioeconomic position, irrespective of the economic status of the country in question, is associated with an increased risk of suicide, including the suggestion that the recent global economic recession has been responsible for an increase in suicide deaths and, by proxy, attempts. Social isolation, low scores on tests of intelligence, serious mental illness (both particularly strongly), chronic psychological distress, and lower physical stature (a marker of childhood exposures) were also consistently related to elevated suicide rates. Although there is some circumstantial evidence for psychosocial stress, personality disposition, and early-life characteristics such as bullying being risk indices for suicide, the general paucity of studies means it is not currently possible to draw clear conclusions about their role. Most suicide intervention strategies have traditionally not explored the modification of psychosocial factors, partly because evidence linking psychosocial factors with suicide risk is, as shown herein, largely in its infancy, or, where is does exist, for instance for intelligence and personality disposition, the characteristics in question do not appear to be easily malleable.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5
作者：
Bjerkeset, Ottar;Romundstad, Pal;Gunnell, David
通讯作者：
Gunnell, David
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Baumert, Jens;Schneider, Barbara;Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
通讯作者：
Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
DOI：
10.1177/140349489101900405
发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL MEDICINE
影响因子：
--
作者：
ALLEBECK, P;ALLGULANDER, C;JAKOBSSON, SW
通讯作者：
JAKOBSSON, SW
影响因子：
50.5
作者：
Batty, G. D.;Kivimaki, M.;Shipley, M. J.
通讯作者：
Shipley, M. J.
影响因子：
5
作者：
Batty, G. David;Whitley, Elise;Rasmussen, Finn
通讯作者：
Rasmussen, Finn