Exploring and Harnessing Haplotype Diversity to Improve Yield Stability in Crops.
Exploring and Harnessing Haplotype Diversity to Improve Yield Stability in Crops.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2017.01534
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Voss-Fels KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qian L;Hickey LT;Stahl A;Werner CR;Hayes B;Snowdon RJ;Voss-Fels KP
为了满足未来的粮食、饲料、纤维和生物能源需求，全球所有主要作物的产量都需要大幅提高。与此同时，炎热和干旱等极端天气事件日益频繁，需要提高现代作物品种的环境适应能力。实现可持续增产意味着数量性状的快速改进，具有非常复杂的遗传结构和强烈的环境相互作用。当今基因组分析技术的最新进展提供了高分辨率的分子信息，彻底改变了作物基因组研究，并为先进的定量遗传方法铺平了道路。这些措施包括高度详细的人口结构和基因型多样性的评估，促进选择性扫描和定向选择的签名，解剖的遗传变异，重要的农艺性状，基因组选择（GS）的战略，不仅考虑主效应基因。单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记代表了当今作物遗传研究的基因分型系统，因为它们在植物基因组中大量存在并且易于检测。然而，SNP通常是双等位基因的，因此与多等位基因标记相比，它们的信息含量低，限制了可以描绘SNP-性状关系的分辨率。克服这一局限性的一个有效途径是构建基于连锁不平衡的单倍型，连锁不平衡是影响作物基因组遗传分析的最重要特征之一。在这里，我们给出了一个基于基因组学的单倍型分析在作物中的最新进展的概述，突出其在多倍体和基因组进化，连锁阻力和共同选择的背景下的重要性。我们提供了单倍型分析如何补充完善的数量遗传学框架的例子，如数量性状分析和GS，最终提供了一个有效的工具，以装备现代作物与环境量身定制的特性。
In order to meet future food, feed, fiber, and bioenergy demands, global yields of all major crops need to be increased significantly. At the same time, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as heat and drought necessitates improvements in the environmental resilience of modern crop cultivars. Achieving sustainably increase yields implies rapid improvement of quantitative traits with a very complex genetic architecture and strong environmental interaction. Latest advances in genome analysis technologies today provide molecular information at an ultrahigh resolution, revolutionizing crop genomic research, and paving the way for advanced quantitative genetic approaches. These include highly detailed assessment of population structure and genotypic diversity, facilitating the identification of selective sweeps and signatures of directional selection, dissection of genetic variants that underlie important agronomic traits, and genomic selection (GS) strategies that not only consider major-effect genes. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers today represent the genotyping system of choice for crop genetic studies because they occur abundantly in plant genomes and are easy to detect. SNPs are typically biallelic, however, hence their information content compared to multiallelic markers is low, limiting the resolution at which SNP–trait relationships can be delineated. An efficient way to overcome this limitation is to construct haplotypes based on linkage disequilibrium, one of the most important features influencing genetic analyses of crop genomes. Here, we give an overview of the latest advances in genomics-based haplotype analyses in crops, highlighting their importance in the context of polyploidy and genome evolution, linkage drag, and co-selection. We provide examples of how haplotype analyses can complement well-established quantitative genetics frameworks, such as quantitative trait analysis and GS, ultimately providing an effective tool to equip modern crops with environment-tailored characteristics.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Fernandez L;Le Cunff L;Tello J;Lacombe T;Boursiquot JM;Fournier-Level A;Bravo G;Lalet S;Torregrosa L;This P;Martinez-Zapater JM
通讯作者：
Martinez-Zapater JM
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cockram, James;Chiapparino, Elena;O'Sullivan, Donal M.
通讯作者：
O'Sullivan, Donal M.
使用源自两个对比亲本的重组自交系群体对稻粒形状进行遗传解剖，并精细定位多效性数量性状基因座 qGL7
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bai X;Luo L;Yan W;Kovi MR;Zhan W;Xing Y
通讯作者：
Xing Y
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cormier, Fabien;Faure, Sebastien;Le Gouis, Jacques
通讯作者：
Le Gouis, Jacques
影响因子：
2
作者：
Hasan, M;Seyis, F;Snowdon, RJ
通讯作者：
Snowdon, RJ