I can see myself enjoying that: Using imagery perspective to circumvent bias in self-perceptions of interest.
I can see myself enjoying that: Using imagery perspective to circumvent bias in self-perceptions of interest.
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我可以看到自己很享受这一点：利用图像视角来规避自我兴趣认知中的偏见。
DOI：
10.1037/xge0000612
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carlisle, Clare
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niese, Zachary Adolph;Libby, Lisa K.;Eibach, Richard P.;Carlisle, Clare
人们在追求真正感兴趣的活动时会体验到生活满意度。不幸的是，文化刻板印象（例如，“科学不适合女孩”）和预先存在的自我信念会使人们的记忆产生偏见，从而阻碍他们识别他们实际经历的有趣领域的能力。目前的实验测试了一种新的方法来规避这个问题，通过操纵视觉意象的角度，人们回忆他们的经验。四个实验测量（或操纵）参与者的实际经验的兴趣，因为他们完成了一项任务;实验还测量（或操纵）参与者的自我信念，他们的兴趣领域。然后，实验操纵图像的角度，参与者回忆他们的兴趣的任务。先前的研究表明，来自演员的第一人称视角的图像促进了自下而上的处理风格，而来自外部第三人称的图像促进了自上而下的处理风格（Libby & Eibach，2011）。与此一致的是，在所有4个实验中，第一人称意象（与第三人称意象相比）使人们的回忆受到自我信念自上而下的影响，并且更好地与他们过去经历的兴趣保持一致。最后的实验表明，这些影响的下游后果对女大学生的意图，追求未来的活动在一个领域（STEM），负面的刻板印象通常可能会劝阻他们追求。因此，目前的研究结果表明，第一人称意象可以是一个有用的工具，以减少有偏见的自我信念的影响，同时增加回忆过程中对过去自下而上的经验的敏感性。此外，这些结果对减少心理障碍具有实际意义，这些心理障碍可以使代表性不足的个人在反刻板印象领域追求兴趣。
People experience life satisfaction when pursuing activities that genuinely interest them. Unfortunately, cultural stereotypes (eg,“science is not for girls”) and preexisting self-beliefs can bias people’s memories, thereby hindering their ability to identify the domains that they actually experience as interesting. The current experiments tested a novel method for circumventing this problem by manipulating visual imagery perspective as people recalled their experiences. Four experiments measured (or manipulated) participants’ actual experience of interest as they completed a task; the experiments also measured (or manipulated) participants’ self-beliefs about their interest in the domain. The experiments then manipulated imagery perspective as participants recalled their interest in the task. Prior research suggests that imagery from an actor’s first-person perspective facilitates a bottom-up processing style, whereas imagery from an external third-person facilitates a top-down processing style (Libby & Eibach, 2011). Consistent with this account, across all 4 experiments, first-person imagery (vs. third-person) caused people’s recall to be less biased by the top-down influence of their self-beliefs and better aligned with their past experienced interest. The final experiment demonstrated downstream consequences of these effects on female undergraduates’ intentions to pursue future activities in a domain (STEM) that negative stereotypes typically might dissuade them from pursuing. Thus, the present results suggest that first-person imagery can be a useful tool to reduce the influence of biased self-beliefs, while increasing sensitivity to past bottom-up experiences during recall. Further, these results hold practical implications for reducing psychological barriers that can keep underrepresented individuals from pursuing interests in counterstereotypical domains.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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