British Adolescents Are More Likely Than Children to Support Bystanders Who Challenge Exclusion of Immigrant Peers.
British Adolescents Are More Likely Than Children to Support Bystanders Who Challenge Exclusion of Immigrant Peers.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837276
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Rutland A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gönültaş S;Ketzitzidou Argyri E;Yüksel AŞ;Palmer SB;McGuire L;Killen M;Rutland A
目前的研究调查了英国儿童和青少年在自己群体的成员排斥英国国民或新移民（土耳其或澳大利亚）参加团体活动时对挑战者的个人和感知群体评价。参与者包括英国儿童（n = 110，年龄为9.69,SD = 1.07, 44名女孩，年龄为8-11岁）和青少年（n = 193，年龄为14.16,SD = 0.92, 104名女孩，年龄为13-16岁），他们被引入他们的小组，并听到假设的场景，其中他们自己小组的一名成员表示希望不让新来的人参加他们的活动。随后，与会者听到内部团体的另一名成员对排他行为提出质疑，说他们应该是包容性的。儿童和青少年对挑战移民同伴的社会排斥的旁观者的个人评价比他们感知的群体评价更积极，认识到群体往往是排他性的。在英国同龄人的社会排斥中，只有青少年而不是儿童在个人和感知群体评价方面存在差异。当新来者是移民同伴时，与儿童相比，青少年更有可能在个人和感知群体评价中积极地评价挑战者。此外，与青少年相比，只有当被排斥的同龄人是移民时，儿童才更有可能推理社会和群体规范来证明他们的评价是正确的，而当被排斥的同龄人是英国人时则不然。青少年更倾向于思考公平、权利和平等问题。研究结果表明，围绕移民的排他性群体规范始于儿童时期。专注于改变群体规范、使其更具包容性的干预措施，可以有效地减少儿童时期对移民的偏见态度。
The present study examined British children’s and adolescents’ individual and perceived group evaluations of a challenger when a member of one’s own group excludes a British national or an immigrant newcomer to the school (Turkish or Australian) from participating in a group activity. Participants included British children (n = 110, Mage in years = 9.69, SD = 1.07, 44 girls, aged 8–11) and adolescents (n = 193, Mage in years = 14.16, SD = 0.92, 104 girls, aged 13–16), who were inducted into their group and heard hypothetical scenarios in which a member of their own group expressed a desire to exclude the newcomer from joining their activity. Subsequently, participants heard that another member of the ingroup challenged the exclusionary act by stating that they should be inclusive. Children’s and adolescents’ individual evaluations of the bystander who challenged the social exclusion of an immigrant peer were more positive than their perceived group evaluations, recognizing that groups are often exclusionary. Only adolescents but not children differed in their individual and perceived group evaluations in the social exclusion of British peers. When the newcomer was an immigrant peer, adolescents were more likely to evaluate the challenger positively in both their individual and perceived group evaluations compared to children. Further, children, compared to adolescents, were more likely to reason about social and group norms to justify their evaluations only when the excluded peer was an immigrant but not when the excluded peer was British. Adolescents were more likely to reason about fairness, rights, and equality. The findings indicate that exclusionary group norms surrounding immigrants begin in childhood. Interventions that focus on changing group norms to be more inclusive could be effective in reducing prejudicial attitudes toward immigrants in childhood.
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DOI：
10.1016/bs.acdb.2014.11.007
发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR, VOL 48
影响因子：
--
作者：
Killen, Melanie;Malti, Tina
通讯作者：
Malti, Tina
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
McGuire, Luke;Rizzo, Michael T.;Rutland, Adam
通讯作者：
Rutland, Adam
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Mulvey, Kelly Lynn;Palmer, Sally B.;Abrams, Dominic
通讯作者：
Abrams, Dominic
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Palmer, Sally B.;Rutland, Adam;Cameron, Lindsey
通讯作者：
Cameron, Lindsey
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Mulvey, Kelly Lynn;Hitti, Aline;Killen, Melanie
通讯作者：
Killen, Melanie