The effect of hippocampal damage in children on recalling the past and imagining new experiences.
The effect of hippocampal damage in children on recalling the past and imagining new experiences.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.03.008
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Maguire EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper JM;Vargha-Khadem F;Gadian DG;Maguire EA
患有双侧海马体损伤的儿童在回忆过去的事情时受损。他们擅长想象虚构的经历。这与两方面都受损的成年健忘症患者形成鲜明对比。海马体损伤对记忆的影响取决于它发生的时间。与成年人相比，人们对学龄儿童的自传式记忆和想象虚构和未来情景的能力知之甚少，尽管这些功能对发展和随后的独立生活很重要。关于早期海马损伤对儿童记忆和想象能力的影响，人们了解得更少。为了弥补这一差距，我们设计了一种新颖的自然自传体记忆任务，使我们能够正式评估健康学龄儿童对近期自传体经历的记忆。在形成自传式记忆的同时，孩子们也想象和描述虚构的场景。在确定了健康学龄儿童在这些任务中的表现后，我们继续与经历过新生儿缺氧/缺血以及随后的双侧海马损伤的儿童（n = 21）进行比较。结果表明，健康儿童能够回忆起自传体事件，包括时空信息和特定的情节细节。相比之下，经历过新生儿缺氧/缺血的儿童记忆力受损，事件的具体细节丢失。尽管有这种严重的记忆缺陷，他们仍然能够构建虚构的场景。这与海马损伤的成年人形成鲜明对比，后者通常有自传式记忆受损，在虚构和未来情景的构建方面存在缺陷。我们推测，儿童患者相对完整的语义记忆和/或残海马体的某些功能可能是其场景构建能力的基础。
► Children with bilateral hippocampal damage are impaired at recalling past events. ► They are intact at imagining fictitious experiences. ► This contrasts with adult amnesic patients who are impaired at both. ► Hippocampal damage affects memory differently depending on when in life it occurs. Compared to adults, relatively little is known about autobiographical memory and the ability to imagine fictitious and future scenarios in school-aged children, despite the importance of these functions for development and subsequent independent living. Even less is understood about the effect of early hippocampal damage on children's memory and imagination abilities. To bridge this gap, we devised a novel naturalistic autobiographical memory task that enabled us to formally assess the memory for recent autobiographical experiences in healthy school-aged children. Contemporaneous with the autobiographical memories being formed, the children also imagined and described fictitious scenarios. Having established the performance of healthy school-aged children on these tasks, we proceeded to make comparisons with children (n = 21) who had experienced neonatal hypoxia/ischaemia, and consequent bilateral hippocampal damage. Our results showed that healthy children could recall autobiographical events, including spatiotemporal information and specific episodic details. By contrast, children who had experienced neonatal hypoxia/ischaemia had impaired recall, with the specific details of episodes being lost. Despite this significant memory deficit they were able to construct fictitious scenarios. This is in clear contrast to adults with hippocampal damage, who typically have impaired autobiographical memory and deficits in the construction of fictitious and future scenarios. We speculate that the paediatric patients’ relatively intact semantic memory and/or some functionality in their residual hippocampi may underpin their scene construction ability.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4549-07.2007
发表时间：
2007-12-26
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hassabis D;Kumaran D;Maguire EA
通讯作者：
Maguire EA
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Maguire EA;Vargha-Khadem F;Hassabis D
通讯作者：
Hassabis D
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Atance, Cristina M.;Meltzoff, Andrew N.
通讯作者：
Meltzoff, Andrew N.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Atance, Cristina M.;Jackson, Laura K.
通讯作者：
Jackson, Laura K.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Kwan, D.;Carson, N.;Rosenbaum, R. S.
通讯作者：
Rosenbaum, R. S.