Bowling alone or distancing together? The role of social capital in excess death rates from COVID19.
Bowling alone or distancing together? The role of social capital in excess death rates from COVID19.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114241
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Page-Tan, Courtney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraser, Timothy;Aldrich, Daniel P.;Page-Tan, Courtney
对当前流行病的传播和影响的大部分关注都集中在政府能力等制度因素以及种族、收入和年龄等人口特征上。本文利用越来越多的证据表明，粘合、架起和连接社会资本（将社会联系在一起的横向和纵向纽带）会影响公共健康，以解释为什么美国一些县在新冠病毒大流行期间的超额死亡人数高于（或低于）其他县。我们根据疾病控制与预防中心 (CDC) 自 2020 年 2 月以来的县级报告，计算了与 2018 年相比每个县的超额死亡人数。从一段时间内县观察的面板数据集开始，我们使用粗化精确匹配来创建更小但更相似的社区组，这些社区组主要在社会资本方面有所不同。在控制政治和治理、医疗保健质量和人口特征等多个因素后，我们发现粘合和联系社会资本可以减少 COVID-19 对社区造成的损失。公共卫生官员和社区组织应优先考虑建立和维持牢固的社会联系以及对政府的信任，以帮助抗击这一流行病。
Much attention on the spread and impact of the ongoing pandemic has focused on institutional factors such as government capacity along with population-level characteristics such as race, income, and age. This paper draws on a growing body of evidence that bonding, bridging, and linking social capital - the horizontal and vertical ties that bind societies together - impact public health to explain why some U.S. counties have seen higher (or lower) excess deaths during the COVID19 pandemic than others. Drawing on county-level reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since February 2020, we calculated the number of excess deaths per county compared to 2018. Starting with a panel dataset of county observations over time, we used coarsened exact matching to create smaller but more similar sets of communities that differ primarily in social capital. Controlling for several factors, including politics and governance, health care quality, and demographic characteristics, we find that bonding and linking social capital reduce the toll of COVID-19 on communities. Public health officials and community organizations should prioritize building and maintaining strong social ties and trust in government to help combat the pandemic.
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