Progress towards Eradication of Peste des Petits Ruminants through Vaccination.
Progress towards Eradication of Peste des Petits Ruminants through Vaccination.
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DOI：
10.3390/v13010059
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发表时间：
2021-01-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benfield CTO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao H;Njeumi F;Parida S;Benfield CTO
小反刍兽疫（PPR）是一种跨界病毒性疾病，威胁着全球约70个国家的17.4亿多只山羊和绵羊。2015年，国际社会确定了到2030年根除PPR的目标，此后，联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）和世界动物卫生组织（OIE）共同制定并实施了PPR全球控制和根除战略。在此，分析了来自联合国粮食及农业组织统计数据库（FAOSTAT）、世界动物卫生组织世界动物卫生信息系统（WAHIS）、区域路线图会议以及各国对PPR监测和评估工具（PMAT）问卷的答复的数据，以了解目前根除PPR的进展情况。OIE记录了2015年至2018年12个国家超过3.33亿剂疫苗的使用情况，其中41.8%在亚洲，58.2%在非洲。在2015年至2019年期间，世界动物卫生组织共报告了12，757起PPR疫情：亚洲占75.1%，非洲占24.8%，欧洲占0.1%。2019年全球疫情数量降至1218起，而2015年为3688起。对各国疫苗使用和PPR疫情的分析表明，疾病控制战略，特别是疫苗接种运动和疫苗分配战略，仍然需要科学评估。必须根据一个地区的疾病流行病学进行疫苗接种，并在邻国之间进行协调，以限制越境转移。在国家一级加强监测和疫苗接种后血清监测也至关重要。粮农组织、国际兽疫局和其他伙伴建立的猪肺炎疫苗库存/库改善了疫苗的质量保证和供应。然而，要实现根除PPR，填补疫苗接种运动和其他项目活动的资金缺口至关重要。
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary viral disease that threatens more than 1.74 billion goats and sheep in approximately 70 countries globally. In 2015, the international community set the goal of eradicating PPR by 2030, and, since then, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) have jointly developed and implemented the Global Control and Eradication Strategy for PPR. Here, data from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database (FAOSTAT), the OIE World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS), Regional Roadmap Meetings, and countries’ responses to PPR Monitoring and Assessment Tool (PMAT) questionnaires were analyzed to inform on current progress towards PPR eradication. OIE recorded the use of over 333 million doses of vaccine in 12 countries from 2015 to 2018, 41.8% of which were used in Asia and 58.2% in Africa. Between 2015 and 2019, a total of 12,757 PPR outbreaks were reported to OIE: 75.1% in Asia, 24.8% in Africa, and 0.1% in Europe. The number of global outbreaks in 2019 fell to 1218, compared with 3688 in 2015. Analysis of vaccine use and PPR outbreaks in countries indicates that disease control strategies, particularly vaccination campaigns and vaccine distribution strategies, still require scientific evaluation. It is imperative that vaccination is undertaken based on the epidemiology of the disease in a region and is coordinated between neighboring countries to restrict transboundary movements. Strengthening surveillance and post-vaccination sero-monitoring at the national level is also essential. The PPR vaccine stock/bank established by FAO, OIE, and other partners have improved the quality assurance and supply of vaccines. However, to achieve PPR eradication, filling the funding gap for vaccination campaigns and other program activities will be critical.
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