Divergent changes: abstinence and higher-frequency substance use increase among racial/ethnic minority young adults during the COVID-19 global pandemic.
Divergent changes: abstinence and higher-frequency substance use increase among racial/ethnic minority young adults during the COVID-19 global pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1080/00952990.2021.1995401
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发表时间：
2022-01-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moreno O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hicks TA;Chartier KG;Buckley TD;Reese D;Working Group TSFS;Vassileva J;Dick DM;Amstadter AB;Peterson RE;Moreno O
鉴于 COVID-19 大流行对该人群的影响不成比例，确定影响少数种族/族裔 (REM) 药物使用的因素非常重要。我们研究了四个领域的因素，并假设不良的心理健康、消极的应对行为、消极的环境因素以及属于更脆弱的社会群体将与大流行期间药物使用的增加有关。对大流行之前（2017 年秋季至 2019 年春季）和大流行期间（2020 年春季）评估的大学样本的纵向数据进行多元回归（n = 323；81.5% 顺性别女性；34.5% 非洲裔美国人，36.1% 亚裔美国人，15.5% 西班牙裔/拉丁裔，11.8% 多种族），以确定预测当前酒精、大麻和酒精摄入的因素。尼古丁使用频率（2020 年春季）以及 2019 年春季至 2020 年春季之间使用频率的变化。与 2019 年春季相比，虽然在大流行期间不频繁的药物使用（每月或更少）有所减少，但戒酒率有所上升（酒精 39%；大麻 18%；尼古丁 18%），较高频率的酒精使用有所增加（207%-1600% 2-3 次+/周）。保护因素是大流行期间生活状况的变化，与目前酒精和大麻使用量的减少有关。风险因素包括与警察有过麻烦的历史以及自大流行以来的冲动，这两者都与当前和增加的酒精和大麻使用有关。 REM 在大多数因素和结果上没有差异。然而，与其他快速眼动人群相比，亚裔美国人报告生活状况发生变化的比例更高。在大流行期间，物质使用率出现了差异，戒断率增加，使用频率提高，这主要归因于心理健康和环境领域因素，快速眼动睡眠差异很少。
Identifying factors influencing substance use among racial/ethnic minorities (REM) is important given the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this population. We examined factors in four domains and hypothesized that poor mental health, negative coping behaviors, negative environmental aspects, and belonging to more vulnerable social groups would be associated with increased substance use during the pandemic. Multiple regression was applied to longitudinal data from a college sample assessed prior (fall 2017 to spring 2019) and during (spring 2020) the pandemic (n=323; 81.5% cisgender women; 34.5% African-American, 36.1% Asian-American, 15.5% Hispanic/Latinx, 11.8% multi-racial) to identify factors predicting current alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use frequency (spring 2020) and change in frequency of use between springs 2019 and 2020. While infrequent substance use (monthly or less) decreased during the pandemic, abstinence rates increased (alcohol 39%; cannabis 18%; nicotine 18%) and higher-frequency alcohol use increased (207%-1600% 2–3 times+/week) compared to spring 2019. The strongest protective factor was change in living situation during the pandemic, associated with lower current alcohol and cannabis use. Risk factors included a history of trouble with police and impulsivity since the pandemic, both associated with higher current and increased alcohol and cannabis use. REM did not differ on most factors and the outcomes. However, a higher percentage of Asian-Americans than other REM reported living situation changes. Substance use rates diverged during the pandemic, with both increased abstinence and higher-frequency use, attributed mostly to mental health and environmental domain factors with few REM differences.
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