Persistence of value-driven attentional capture.

Persistence of value-driven attentional capture.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0030860
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发表时间:
2013-02
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Yantis, Steven
Yantis, Steven
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson, Brian A.;Yantis, Steven

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在随后的视觉搜索任务中,以前与奖赏传递有关的刺激在呈现为无奖赏和与任务无关的分心因素时,会不由自主地吸引注意力。目前尚不清楚这种奖励学习对注意力的影响会持续多久。一种可能性是,价值驱动的注意偏差是可塑性的,并不断演变,只反映最近的奖励历史。根据这种注意力控制机制,只有持续强化的注意力分配模式才能在较长时间内持续存在。另一种可能性是,奖赏学习会在注意力优先顺序上产生持久的变化,这种变化可以在没有进一步学习的情况下无限期地持续下去。在这里,我们提供了奖赏学习对注意力优先的持久影响的证据:以前在训练阶段与奖赏相关的刺激在半年后被呈现为无关的分心物时,会捕获注意力,而不需要进一步的奖赏学习。
Stimuli that have previously been associated with the delivery of reward involuntarily capture attention when presented as unrewarded and task-irrelevant distractors in a subsequent visual search task. It is unknown how long such effects of reward learning on attention persist. One possibility is that value-driven attentional biases are plastic and constantly evolve to reflect only recent reward history. According to such a mechanism of attentional control, only consistently reinforced patterns of attention allocation persist for extended periods of time. Another possibility is that reward learning creates enduring changes in attentional priority that can persist indefinitely without further learning. Here we provide evidence for an enduring effect of reward learning on attentional priority: stimuli previously associated with reward in a training phase capture attention when presented as irrelevant distractors over half a year later, without the need for further reward learning.
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