Critical mutation rate has an exponential dependence on population size in haploid and diploid populations.
Critical mutation rate has an exponential dependence on population size in haploid and diploid populations.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0083438
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Knight CG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aston E;Channon A;Day C;Knight CG
了解种群规模对进化关键参数的影响对于濒临灭绝的种群尤其重要。有进化的压力来进化出既合适又健壮的序列。在高突变率下，具有更大突变鲁棒性的个体可以胜过具有更高适应性的个体。这是最平坦的生存，理论上已经在数字生物、模拟RNA进化和RNA病毒中观察到。我们引入一种算法的方法，能够确定人口规模之间的关系，在该临界突变率的个人具有更大的鲁棒性突变倾向于个人具有更大的健身，和错误阈值。对误差阈值的分析模型提供了该方法的验证。我们发现，增加单倍体人口规模的临界突变率可以近似为一个指数函数，与低得多的突变率容忍小群体。这与以前的研究相反，以前的研究表明临界突变率与种群大小无关。该算法被扩展到二倍体人口在一个系统的生物过程中的减数分裂。结果证实了这种关系仍然是指数关系，但表明二倍体的临界突变率和错误阈值都较低，而不是像预期的那样较高。通过分析临界突变率到错误阈值的过渡，改进了临界突变率的定义。随着自然种群数量的下降，可以预期会失去符合指数模型的遗传物质，加速并可能不可逆转地推进其下降，这可能会影响灭绝，恢复和种群管理策略。种群规模的影响在100个个体或更少的小种群中特别强烈;指数模型在帮助种群管理以防止局部（和全球）灭绝事件方面具有显着的潜力。
Understanding the effect of population size on the key parameters of evolution is particularly important for populations nearing extinction. There are evolutionary pressures to evolve sequences that are both fit and robust. At high mutation rates, individuals with greater mutational robustness can outcompete those with higher fitness. This is survival-of-the-flattest, and has been observed in digital organisms, theoretically, in simulated RNA evolution, and in RNA viruses. We introduce an algorithmic method capable of determining the relationship between population size, the critical mutation rate at which individuals with greater robustness to mutation are favoured over individuals with greater fitness, and the error threshold. Verification for this method is provided against analytical models for the error threshold. We show that the critical mutation rate for increasing haploid population sizes can be approximated by an exponential function, with much lower mutation rates tolerated by small populations. This is in contrast to previous studies which identified that critical mutation rate was independent of population size. The algorithm is extended to diploid populations in a system modelled on the biological process of meiosis. The results confirm that the relationship remains exponential, but show that both the critical mutation rate and error threshold are lower for diploids, rather than higher as might have been expected. Analyzing the transition from critical mutation rate to error threshold provides an improved definition of critical mutation rate. Natural populations with their numbers in decline can be expected to lose genetic material in line with the exponential model, accelerating and potentially irreversibly advancing their decline, and this could potentially affect extinction, recovery and population management strategy. The effect of population size is particularly strong in small populations with 100 individuals or less; the exponential model has significant potential in aiding population management to prevent local (and global) extinction events.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.032668599
发表时间：
2002-02-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Krakauer, DC;Plotkin, JB
通讯作者：
Plotkin, JB
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.1.397
发表时间：
1996-01-09
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Huynen, MA;Stadler, PF;Fontana, W
通讯作者：
Fontana, W
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Masel, Joanna;Trotter, Meredith V.
通讯作者：
Trotter, Meredith V.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bloom JD;Lu Z;Chen D;Raval A;Venturelli OS;Arnold FH
通讯作者：
Arnold FH
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1996.0231
发表时间：
1996-11-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Boerlijst, MC;Bonhoeffer, S;Nowak, MA
通讯作者：
Nowak, MA