The Structural Basis of IRF-3 Activation upon Phosphorylation.

The Structural Basis of IRF-3 Activation upon Phosphorylation.
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DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.2000026
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发表时间:
2020-10-01
期刊:
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Li P
Li P
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jing T;Zhao B;Xu P;Gao X;Chi L;Han H;Sankaran B;Li P

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先天免疫系统是抵御细菌和病毒感染的第一道防线。rlr、TLRs和cGAS对病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)的识别通过激活转录因子IRF-3诱导i型干扰素(IFN-I)的产生。尽管IRF-3激活的机制已经被广泛研究,但IRF-3磷酸化激活的结构基础仍未完全了解。在这里,我们确定了磷酸化的人类和小鼠IRF-3与CBP (cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)结合蛋白)结合的晶体结构,结果表明磷酸化的IRF-3通过pSer386(小鼠IRF-3中的pSer379)和下游pLxIS基序形成二聚体。尺寸排除色谱和基于细胞的研究表明,与pSer386相互作用的关键残基突变严重损害了IRF-3的激活和IFN-β的诱导。相比之下,人类IRF-3 pLxIS基序内Ser396的磷酸化仅在IRF-3激活中起中等作用。小鼠IRF-3/CBP复合物结构揭示了小鼠IRF-3的激活机制与人类IRF-3相似但又不同。这些结构和功能研究揭示了IRF-3磷酸化激活的详细机制。
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against bacterial and viral infections. The recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by the RLRs, TLRs, and cGAS leads to the induction of type-I interferons (IFN-I) by activating the transcription factor IRF-3. Although the mechanism of IRF-3 activation has been extensively studied, the structural basis of IRF-3 activation upon phosphorylation remains not fully understood. Here, we determined the crystal structures of phosphorylated human and mouse IRF-3 bound to CBP (cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)-binding protein), which reveal that phosphorylated IRF-3 forms a dimer via pSer386 (pSer379 in mouse IRF-3) and a downstream pLxIS motif. Size-exclusion chromatography and cell-based studies show that mutations of key residues interacting with pSer386 severely impair IRF-3 activation and IFN-β induction. By contrast, phosphorylation of Ser396 within the pLxIS motif of human IRF-3 only plays a moderate role in IRF-3 activation. The mouse IRF-3/CBP complex structure reveals that the mechanism of mouse IRF-3 activation is similar but distinct from human IRF-3. These structural and functional studies reveal the detailed mechanism of IRF-3 activation upon phosphorylation.
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