Is There a Canonical Cortical Circuit for the Cholinergic System? Anatomical Differences Across Common Model Systems.
Is There a Canonical Cortical Circuit for the Cholinergic System? Anatomical Differences Across Common Model Systems.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2018.00008
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Disney AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coppola JJ;Disney AA
乙酰胆碱（ACh）被认为是支持认知的皮质回路中的神经调节剂，特别是在学习、记忆巩固、警惕、觉醒和注意力等过程中。在许多模型系统中研究了皮质过程的胆碱能调节，包括啮齿动物、猫和灵长类动物。此外，这些研究是在从初级视觉皮层到前额叶皮层的皮层区域进行的，并使用不同的方法。这些研究的结果已被合并到奇异模型的功能，一个隐含的假设，各种模型系统是等效的和可互换的基础上的实践。然而，物种内部和跨物种的比较解剖学揭示了胆碱能系统结构的重要差异。在这里，我们将审查解剖学数据，包括神经支配模式，受体表达，合成和释放比较物种和皮质区，重点是啮齿动物和灵长类动物。我们认为，这些数据表明，没有典型的皮质模型系统存在的胆碱能系统。此外，我们将认为，因此，在结合跨皮层区域和物种的研究数据时，以及在选择最佳模型系统以提高我们对人类健康的理解和支持时，都必须小心。
Acetylcholine (ACh) is believed to act as a neuromodulator in cortical circuits that support cognition, specifically in processes including learning, memory consolidation, vigilance, arousal and attention. The cholinergic modulation of cortical processes is studied in many model systems including rodents, cats and primates. Further, these studies are performed in cortical areas ranging from the primary visual cortex to the prefrontal cortex and using diverse methodologies. The results of these studies have been combined into singular models of function—a practice based on an implicit assumption that the various model systems are equivalent and interchangeable. However, comparative anatomy both within and across species reveals important differences in the structure of the cholinergic system. Here, we will review anatomical data including innervation patterns, receptor expression, synthesis and release compared across species and cortical area with a focus on rodents and primates. We argue that these data suggest no canonical cortical model system exists for the cholinergic system. Further, we will argue that as a result, care must be taken both in combining data from studies across cortical areas and species, and in choosing the best model systems to improve our understanding and support of human health.
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