Retinogeniculate transmission in wakefulness.
Retinogeniculate transmission in wakefulness.
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清醒时视网膜原代传输。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00929.2006
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Weyand,TheodoreG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weyand,TheodoreG
尽管人们普遍认为丘脑的主要功能是根据状态对感觉输入进行“门控”，但很少有研究试图直接表征这种门控在清醒的、行为正常的动物中的有效性。我利用外侧膝状核(Lgn)中的许多神经元由单一视网膜输入主导这一事实，以及这种输入产生一种独特的事件，即S电位，来测量清醒猫的视黄醇原性传递的有效性。视网膜输入有一半的时间不能产生LGN动作电位。然而，成败与S潜力的新近息息相关。短间隔往往是成功的，而长间隔是不成功的。对于12个神经元中的4个，如果在之前的10ms(100赫兹)内，在给定的S电位之前有一个S电位，那么该给定的S电位引起尖峰的概率超过90%。虽然这种对疗效的时间影响在麻醉动物中得到了广泛的证明，但清醒状态在几个方面是不同的。清醒状态下的整体效应好于麻醉状态，清醒状态下的易感效应持续时间较短，清醒状态下长间歇效应优于清醒状态，改变背景照明可短暂地打破时间依赖性。最后两个观察结果可能特别重要。长时间间隔清醒的成功率增加提供了额外的证据，表明麻醉动物的尖峰代码不是清醒动物的尖峰代码。通过改变视觉条件来改变视网膜再生效率，会削弱S电位间期在决定现实世界中的有效性时可能产生的影响。最后，在清醒状态下，S电位的波幅、时程和平均斜率是动态的和系统的，进一步支持了S电位是视网膜EPSP的细胞外特征。
Despite popular belief that the primary function of the thalamus is to “gate” sensory inputs by state, few studies have attempted to directly characterize the efficacy of such gating in the awake, behaving animal. I measured the efficacy of retinogeniculate transmission in the awake cat by taking advantage of the fact that many neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) are dominated by a single retinal input, and that this input produces a distinct event known as the S-potential. Retinal input failed to produce an LGN action potential half of the time. However, success or failure was powerfully tied to the recency of the S-potential. Short intervals tend to be successful and long intervals unsuccessful. For four of 12 neurons, the probability that a given S-potential could cause a spike exceeded 90% if that S-potential was preceded by an S-potential within the previous 10 ms (100 Hz). Whereas this temporal influence on efficacy has been demonstrated extensively in anesthetized animals, wakefulness is different in several ways. Overall efficacy is better in wakefulness than in anesthesia, the durations of facilitating effects are briefer in wakefulness, efficacy of long intervals is superior in wakefulness, and the temporal dependence can be briefly disrupted by altering background illumination. The last two observations may be particularly significant. Increased success at long intervals in wakefulness provides additional evidence that the spike code of the anesthetized animal is not the spike code of the awake animal. Altering retinogeniculate efficacy by altering visual conditions undermines the influence inter-S-potential interval might have in determining efficacy in the real world. Finally, S-potential amplitude, duration, and even slope are dynamic and systematic within wakefulness; providing further support that the S-potential is the extracellular signature of the retinal EPSP.
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蟹状星云脉冲星 PSR 0532 22 的旋转轴和磁场轴。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1971
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
F. Smith
通讯作者：
F. Smith
清醒未瘫痪兔子背外侧膝状核神经元的感受野和轴突特性。
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
H. Swadlow;T. Weyand
通讯作者：
T. Weyand
影响因子：
2
作者：
COENEN, AML;VENDRIK, AJH
通讯作者：
VENDRIK, AJH
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
W. Usrey;J. Reppas;And R Clay Reid;W. Usrey;John B Martin;R. Reppas;Reid Clay;Specificity
通讯作者：
W. Usrey;J. Reppas;And R Clay Reid;W. Usrey;John B Martin;R. Reppas;Reid Clay;Specificity
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
W. Usrey;J. Reppas;R Clay;Reid
通讯作者：
W. Usrey;J. Reppas;R Clay;Reid