Microbiota Modulation of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19.
Microbiota Modulation of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19.
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COVID-19中肠-肺轴的微生物群调节。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2021.635471
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Cardoso CRB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Oliveira GLV;Oliveira CNS;Pinzan CF;de Salis LVV;Cardoso CRB
2019冠状病毒病（COVID - 19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS - CoV - 2）引起的一种传染病。据世界卫生组织（WHO）称，到目前为止，SARS - CoV - 2已经在全球感染了超过9180万人，导致1986871人死亡。这种病毒主要影响呼吸系统，但胃肠道（GIT）也是其攻击目标，同时在新冠肺炎患者的食管、胃、十二指肠、直肠以及粪便样本中都已检测到SARS - CoV - 2。新冠肺炎患者长期的胃肠道症状，主要是腹泻，与肠道微生物群的丰富度和多样性降低、免疫失调以及SARS - CoV - 2清除延迟有关。因此，呼吸道黏膜和肠道微生物群之间的双向相互作用，即肠 - 肺轴，被认为参与了对SARS - CoV - 2的健康或病理性免疫反应。相应地，在其他呼吸道感染中，肠道菌群失调与死亡率增加有关，这是由于肺部和肠道的炎症加剧以及调节或抗炎机制减弱，这表明了两个黏膜部位之间的这种重要关系。因此，由于呼吸道和胃肠道的黏膜受到影响，除了菌群失调和炎症外，有理由认为基于调节肠道微生物群和重建生态平衡条件的辅助疗法可能是限制COVID - 19有害后果的一种重要治疗方法。然后，在这篇综述中，我们总结了表明SARS - CoV - 2在胃肠道系统中持续存在以及相关的消化系统COVID - 19症状的研究，此外还总结了证明新冠肺炎患者鼻咽、肺部和肠道菌群失调的文献。最后，我们展示了益生菌在其他呼吸道感染中的潜在有益作用，并讨论了益生菌作为SARS - CoV - 2感染辅助疗法的可能作用。
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), to date, SARS-CoV-2 has already infected more than 91.8 million people worldwide with 1,986,871 deaths. This virus affects mainly the respiratory system, but the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is also a target, meanwhile SARS-CoV-2 was already detected in oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, rectum, and in fecal samples from COVID-19 patients. Prolonged GIT manifestations in COVID-19, mainly the diarrhea, were correlated with decreased richness and diversity of the gut microbiota, immune deregulation and delayed SARS-CoV-2 clearance. So, the bidirectional interactions between the respiratory mucosa and the gut microbiota, known as gut-lung axis, are supposed to be involved in the healthy or pathologic immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. In accordance, the intestinal dysbiosis is associated with increased mortality in other respiratory infections, due to an exacerbated inflammation and decreased regulatory or anti-inflammatory mechanisms in the lungs and in the gut, pointing to this important relationship between both mucosal compartments. Therefore, since the mucous membranes from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts are affected, in addition to dysbiosis and inflammation, it is plausible to assume that adjunctive therapies based on the modulation of the gut microbiota and re-establishment of eubiosis conditions could be an important therapeutic approach for constraining the harmful consequences of COVID-19. Then, in this review, we summarized studies showing the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal system and the related digestive COVID-19 manifestations, in addition to the literature demonstrating nasopharyngeal, pulmonary and intestinal dysbiosis in COVID-19 patients. Lastly, we showed the potential beneficial role of probiotic administration in other respiratory infections, and discuss the possible role of probiotics as an adjunctive therapy in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Dickson, Robert P.;Erb-Downward, John R.;Curtis, Jeffrey L.
通讯作者：
Curtis, Jeffrey L.
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Wan D
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Christensen, HR;Frokiær, H;Pestka, JJ
通讯作者：
Pestka, JJ
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Chai W;Burwinkel M;Wang Z;Palissa C;Esch B;Twardziok S;Rieger J;Wrede P;Schmidt MF
通讯作者：
Schmidt MF
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chiba, Yukihide;Shida, Kan;Nomoto, Koji
通讯作者：
Nomoto, Koji