The human brain in a high altitude natural environment: A review.

The human brain in a high altitude natural environment: A review.
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高海拔自然环境中的人脑:综述

DOI:
10.3389/fnhum.2022.915995
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学3区
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--
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随着体内磁共振成像(MRI)技术的进步,有关高海拔地区人脑的更详细信息被揭示出来。本综述旨在得出一个结论,即在自然的HA环境中,人脑在未适应和适应状态下的变化。利用以磁共振和脑电为基础的多种先进的分析方法,在一定程度上探索了脑灰质和白质形态的调控以及认知活动加工的电生理机制。视觉、运动和岛叶皮质是HA移民和当地人一致受到影响的大脑区域。目前关于皮质电生理和血液动力学信号的发现可能与心血管和呼吸调节有关,并可能阐明HA某些行为的机制。总体而言,在过去的10年里,HA对大脑的研究已经超越了认知测试。由于样本量不够大,目前在HA脑中的研究结果并不十分可靠,因此还需要更多的研究。此外,HA脑结构的组织学和遗传学基础也需要阐明。
With the advancement of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, more detailed information about the human brain at high altitude (HA) has been revealed. The present review aimed to draw a conclusion regarding changes in the human brain in both unacclimatized and acclimatized states in a natural HA environment. Using multiple advanced analysis methods that based on MRI as well as electroencephalography, the modulations of brain gray and white matter morphology and the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying processing of cognitive activity have been explored in certain extent. The visual, motor and insular cortices are brain regions seen to be consistently affected in both HA immigrants and natives. Current findings regarding cortical electrophysiological and blood dynamic signals may be related to cardiovascular and respiratory regulations, and may clarify the mechanisms underlying some behaviors at HA. In general, in the past 10 years, researches on the brain at HA have gone beyond cognitive tests. Due to the sample size is not large enough, the current findings in HA brain are not very reliable, and thus much more researches are needed. Moreover, the histological and genetic bases of brain structures at HA are also needed to be elucidated.
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.512
发表时间: 2016-09
期刊: BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
影响因子: 3.1
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