Sex differences in chronic stress effects on cognition in rodents.
Sex differences in chronic stress effects on cognition in rodents.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2016.08.005
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Bowman, Rachel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luine, Victoria;Gomez, Juan;Beck, Kevin;Bowman, Rachel
慢性应激导致从培养的神经细胞到实验室啮齿动物、亚人类灵长类动物和人类的系统中的生理功能的有害变化。然而，值得注意的是，这一领域的绝大多数研究都是在男性中进行的。在这篇综述中，我们提供的信息慢性应激对认知的影响，在雌性啮齿动物和对比，它在雄性啮齿动物的反应。一般来说，女性表现出认知弹性的慢性应激损害男性的认知功能，使用空间任务，包括径向臂迷宫，径向臂水迷宫，莫里斯水迷宫，Y-迷宫和物体放置。此外，压力往往会提高女性在某些认知任务中的表现。在非空间记忆任务中，如再认记忆和时间顺序再认记忆，女性的记忆不受压力的影响，而男性在压力后表现出记忆受损。我们讨论了这些性别依赖性差异的可能基础，包括使用不同的策略，由性别来解决认知任务。性别差异是否由非记忆因素的变化引起也被考虑。酒精和药物对压力反应的影响的性别依赖性差异也被描述。最后，神经源性雌二醇的作用，在驱动性别差异，并提供弹性的压力，在女性。确定应激反应中性别差异的性质和程度的重要性在于，这种差异可能为理解为什么一些应激相关疾病在性别之间具有不同的发病率和开发新的治疗方法提供重要信息。
Chronic stress causes deleterious changes in physiological function in systems ranging from neural cells in culture to laboratory rodents, sub-human primates and humans. It is notable, however, that the vast majority of research in this area has been conducted in males. In this review, we provide information about chronic stress effects on cognition in female rodents and contrast it with responses in male rodents. In general, females show cognitive resilience to chronic stressors which impair male cognitive function using spatial tasks including the radial arm maze, radial arm water maze, Morris water maze, Y-maze and object placement. Moreover, stress often enhances female performance in some of these cognitive tasks. Memory in females is not affected by stress in non-spatial memory tasks like recognition memory and temporal order recognition memory while males show impaired memory following stress. We discuss possible bases for these sex-dependent differences including the use of different strategies by the sexes to solve cognitive tasks. Whether the sex differences result from changes in non-mnemonic factors is also considered. Sex-dependent differences in alcohol and drug influences on stress responses are also described. Finally, the role of neurally derived estradiol in driving sex differences and providing resilience to stress in females is shown. The importance of determining the nature and extent of sex differences in stress responses is that such differences may provide vital information for understanding why some stress related diseases have different incidence rates between the sexes and for developing novel therapeutic treatments.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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