Insect antiviral innate immunity: pathways, effectors, and connections.

Insect antiviral innate immunity: pathways, effectors, and connections.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2013.10.006
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发表时间:
2013-12-13
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Hardy RW
Hardy RW
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kingsolver MB;Huang Z;Hardy RW

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昆虫被各种各样的病毒感染,其中一些是昆虫限制性的和致病的,其中一些是通过叮咬昆虫传播给脊椎动物的。这些病毒在医学和经济上的重要性使得我们更有必要了解感染病原体和昆虫免疫系统之间的相互作用,以便制定传播干预措施。病毒与昆虫宿主先天免疫系统的相互作用在感染的结果中起着关键作用。抗病毒防御的主要机制是siRNA途径,其通过检测病毒衍生的dsRNA来抑制病毒复制。然而,其他先天性抗微生物途径如Imd、Toll、Jak-STAT和自噬途径也已被证明在抗病毒免疫中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中,我们提供了一个概述,目前了解的主要昆虫抗病毒途径,并检查最近的研究结果,进一步了解这些途径的作用,促进感染病毒的系统性和特异性反应。
Insects are infected by a wide array of viruses some of which are insect-restricted and pathogenic, and some of which are transmitted by biting insects to vertebrates. The medical and economic importance of these viruses heightens the need to understand the interaction between the infecting pathogen and the insect immune system in order to develop transmission interventions. The interaction of the virus with the insect host innate immune system plays a critical role in the outcome of infection. The major mechanism of antiviral defense is the siRNA pathway that responds through the detection of virus-derived dsRNA to suppress virus replication. However, other innate antimicrobial pathways such as Imd, Toll, Jak-STAT, and the autophagy pathway have also been shown to play important roles in antiviral immunity. In this review we provide an overview of the current understanding of the main insect antiviral pathways and examine recent findings that further our understanding of the roles of these pathways in facilitating a systemic and specific response to infecting viruses.
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