Reclassification of Theileria annae as Babesia vulpes sp. nov.
Reclassification of Theileria annae as Babesia vulpes sp. nov.
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将Theileria annae重新分类为Babesia vulpes sp。十一月。
DOI：
10.1186/s13071-015-0830-5
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发表时间：
2015-04-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Schnittger L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baneth G;Florin-Christensen M;Cardoso L;Schnittger L
青海泰勒氏菌是一种由壁虱传播的小病毒，可感染北美和欧洲的狗和狐狸。由于在泰勒属或巴贝斯亚属的位置上存在分歧，这种寄生虫有几个同义词，包括巴贝西亚西班牙犬分离物、类巴贝西亚、巴贝西亚(泰勒属)和巴贝西亚cf。小菜一碟。这种寄生虫的感染会引起狗的贫血、血小板减少和氮质症，但在红狐(Vulpe Verpe)中大多是亚临床的。此外，在偏远地区的红狐种群中检测到高感染率，这有力地表明这些犬只是寄生虫的自然宿主。本研究旨在重新评估和协调青霉亚科在拟盘形目中的系统发育位置和二名式。用最大似然法构建了4个分子系统发育树，这些序列包括：(I)接近完整的18SRRNA基因序列(n = 76和n = 93)，(Ii)接近完整和不完整的18SRRNA基因序列(n = 92)，(Iii)微小杆菌和微小杆菌相关寄生虫的微管蛋白-β基因序列(n = 32)，包括在狗和狐狸中发现的那些。所有的系统发育树都表明，甜菜夜蛾及其同义词不是泰勒氏菌的寄生虫，但与微小锥虫的亲缘关系最近。基于18S rRNA基因的系统发育树形成两个独立的分支，其中一个分支对应于感染啮齿动物、人类和猕猴的巴贝斯虫物种，另一个分支对应于唯一感染食肉动物的物种。在食肉动物类群中，来自遥远地区的T.annae和它的同义词被分成一个单独的支系，具有非常显著的自助值，证实了它们各自的物种身份。系统发育分析清楚地表明，T.annae及其同义词不属于泰勒属，可以明确地定义为一个单独的种。根据T.annae及其同义词没有被证明具有白细胞期的事实，如泰勒氏菌所预期的那样，该寄生虫不会感染人和啮齿动物作为B.microti，并且在系统发育上作为一个单独的物种聚类，本研究建议将这种寄生虫命名为Babesia umples sp.11月，在其自然寄主后，红狐V。本文的在线版本(doi：10.1186/s13071-0150830-5)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
Theileria annae is a tick-transmitted small piroplasmid that infects dogs and foxes in North America and Europe. Due to disagreement on its placement in the Theileria or Babesia genera, several synonyms have been used for this parasite, including Babesia Spanish dog isolate, Babesia microti-like, Babesia (Theileria) annae, and Babesia cf. microti. Infections by this parasite cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, and azotemia in dogs but are mostly subclinical in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Furthermore, high infection rates have been detected among red fox populations in distant regions strongly suggesting that these canines act as the parasite’s natural host. This study aims to reassess and harmonize the phylogenetic placement and binomen of T. annae within the order Piroplasmida. Four molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed using a maximum likelihood algorithm based on DNA alignments of: (i) near-complete 18S rRNA gene sequences (n = 76 and n = 93), (ii) near-complete and incomplete 18S rRNA gene sequences (n = 92), and (iii) tubulin-beta gene sequences (n = 32) from B. microti and B. microti-related parasites including those detected in dogs and foxes. All phylogenetic trees demonstrate that T. annae and its synonyms are not Theileria parasites but are most closely related with B. microti. The phylogenetic tree based on the 18S rRNA gene forms two separate branches with high bootstrap value, of which one branch corresponds to Babesia species infecting rodents, humans, and macaques, while the other corresponds to species exclusively infecting carnivores. Within the carnivore group, T. annae and its synonyms from distant regions segregate into a single clade with a highly significant bootstrap value corroborating their separate species identity. Phylogenetic analysis clearly shows that T. annae and its synonyms do not pertain to Theileria and can be clearly defined as a separate species. Based on the facts that T. annae and its synonyms have not been shown to have a leukocyte stage, as expected in Theileria, do not infect humans and rodents as B. microti, and cluster phylogenetically as a separate species, this study proposes to name this parasite Babesia vulpes sp. nov., after its natural host, the red fox V. vulpes. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0830-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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