Deeply conserved synteny and the evolution of metazoan chromosomes.

Deeply conserved synteny and the evolution of metazoan chromosomes.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abi5884
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发表时间:
2022-02-04
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Rokhsar DS
Rokhsar DS
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Simakov O;Bredeson J;Berkoff K;Marletaz F;Mitros T;Schultz DT;O'Connell BL;Dear P;Martinez DE;Steele RE;Green RE;David CN;Rokhsar DS

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动物基因组显示了高度保守的基因联系网络,其系统发育范围和染色体背景仍不清楚。在这里,我们报道了双边动物、刺胞动物和海绵动物在染色体尺度上的同源性守恒,并使用比较分析来重建主要动物群体的祖先染色体。不同后生动物之间的比较揭示了染色体进化的过程,从它们的前寒武纪祖先产生现代核型。在这些发现的基础上,我们引入了染色体变化的简单代数表示,并用它来建立一个统一的后生动物染色体进化的系统框架。我们发现,融合混合,一种以前不被重视的染色体变化模式,已经发挥了核心作用。我们发现在单细胞真核生物中保留了几个后生染色体单位的遗迹。这些保守的后生动物前联系包括编码最多样化的后生动物同源盒基因的染色体单元,这表明该关键基因家族早期多样化的候选基因组背景。保守的染色体揭示了祖先动物的连锁群,建立了核型进化的系统发育系统。
Animal genomes show networks of deeply conserved gene linkages whose phylogenetic scope and chromosomal context remain unclear. Here, we report chromosome-scale conservation of synteny among bilaterians, cnidarians, and sponges and use comparative analysis to reconstruct ancestral chromosomes across major animal groups. Comparisons among diverse metazoans reveal the processes of chromosome evolution that produced contemporary karyotypes from their Precambrian progenitors. On the basis of these findings, we introduce a simple algebraic representation of chromosomal change and use it to establish a unified systematic framework for metazoan chromosome evolution. We find that fusion-with-mixing, a previously unappreciated mode of chromosome change, has played a central role. We find that relicts of several metazoan chromosomal units are preserved in unicellular eukaryotes. These conserved pre-metazoan linkages include the chromosomal unit that encodes the most diverse set of metazoan homeobox genes, suggesting a candidate genomic context for the early diversification of this key gene family. Conserved chromosomes reveal ancestral animal linkage groups, establishing a phylogenetic system for karyotype evolution.
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