Wastewater surveillance demonstrates high predictive value for COVID-19 infection on board repatriation flights to Australia.
Wastewater surveillance demonstrates high predictive value for COVID-19 infection on board repatriation flights to Australia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2021.106938
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Mueller JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed W;Bivins A;Simpson SL;Bertsch PM;Ehret J;Hosegood I;Metcalfe SS;Smith WJM;Thomas KV;Tynan J;Mueller JF
控制从海外旅行者输入和传播严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）对于澳大利亚、新西兰和其他岛屿国家至关重要，这些国家已经采取了抑制策略来管理非常低的社区传播。SARS-CoV-2 RNA的废水监测已成为全球许多国家在公共卫生应对中采用的一种有前途的工具。本研究旨在确定飞机废水的监测是否可用于提供额外的信息层，以增强个体临床试验。对37架包机遣返澳大利亚人的长途航班的废水进行了SARS-CoV-2 RNA的检测。这些航班上的5岁或以上儿童在出发前48小时进行了冠状病毒病19（COVID-19）（深部鼻和口咽逆转录（RT）-PCR拭子）检测，结果为阴性。所有乘客在抵达澳大利亚新台币霍华德斯普林斯后接受了14天的强制隔离。37个航班中有24个（64.9%）的废水检测出SARS-CoV-2 RNA阳性。在14天的强制隔离期间，临床检测发现了112例COVID-19病例。使用来自三种RT-qPCR检测的汇总结果对遣返航班废水中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA进行监测，结果显示，在抵达后14天的隔离期内，COVID-19病例的阳性预测值（PPV）为87.5%，阴性预测值（NPV）为76.9%，准确率为83.7%。该研究成功地证明，对飞机废水进行SARS-CoV-2监测可以为海外归国旅客的管理提供额外和有效的工具，并监测SARS CoV-2和其他临床重要病原体的输入。
Controlling importation and transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from overseas travelers is essential for countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, and other island nations, that have adopted a suppression strategy to manage very low community transmission. Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA has emerged as a promising tool employed in public health response in many countries globally. This study aimed to establish whether the surveillance of aircraft wastewater can be used to provide an additional layer of information to augment individual clinical testing. Wastewater from 37 long-haul flights chartered to repatriate Australians was tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Children 5 years or older on these flights tested negative for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) (deep nasal and oropharyngeal reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR swab) 48 h before departure. All passengers underwent mandatory quarantine for 14-day post arrival in Howard Springs, NT, Australia. Wastewater from 24 (64.9 %) of the 37 flights tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. During the 14 day mandatory quarantine, clinical testing identified 112 cases of COVID-19. Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in repatriation flight wastewater using pooled results from three RT-qPCR assays demonstrated a positive predictive value (PPV) of 87.5 %, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 76.9 % and 83.7% accuracy for COVID-19 cases during the post-arrival 14-day quarantine period. The study successfully demonstrates that the surveillance of wastewater from aircraft for SARS-CoV-2 can provide an additional and effective tool for informing the management of returning overseas travelers and for monitoring the importation of SARS CoV-2 and other clinically significant pathogens.
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