Perception of biological motion in schizophrenia and healthy individuals: a behavioral and FMRI study.
Perception of biological motion in schizophrenia and healthy individuals: a behavioral and FMRI study.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0019971
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Blake R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim J;Park S;Blake R
视觉感知异常是精神分裂症的一个共同特征，似乎与社会认知受损有关，而社会认知受损反过来又可能影响社会行为。过去的研究表明精神分裂症患者存在生物运动感知障碍。进行了行为和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）实验来验证这种缺陷的存在，澄清其感知基础，并确定这些缺陷的伴随神经并发症。在实验1中，我们测量了通过嵌入掩蔽噪声的点光动画来检测生物运动的能力。实验2测量了在这些序列中所描绘的运动学扰动程度不同的点光生物运动序列对的识别精度。实验3在生物运动分类任务中使用事件相关fMRI测量BOLD信号。与健康个体相比，精神分裂症患者在检测（实验1）和辨别（实验2）任务上的表现都明显较差。与行为学结果一致，fMRI研究显示，健康个体对颞上沟（STSp）后部的生物运动表现出强烈的激活，而对混乱运动没有表现出强烈的激活。有趣的是，当健康参与者认为混乱或部分混乱的运动是正常的生物运动时，也观察到强烈的STSp激活。另一方面，精神分裂症患者的STSp激活对生物或打乱运动没有选择性。精神分裂症伴有区分生物和非生物运动的困难，与这些困难相关的是大脑STSp区神经反应模式的改变。精神分裂症患者表现出的知觉缺陷可能是与健康观察者在这些相同任务中产生的知觉错误相关的STSp内神经事件的夸大表现。目前的研究结果符合涉及知觉和认知过程的妄想理论的背景。
Anomalous visual perception is a common feature of schizophrenia plausibly associated with impaired social cognition that, in turn, could affect social behavior. Past research suggests impairment in biological motion perception in schizophrenia. Behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments were conducted to verify the existence of this impairment, to clarify its perceptual basis, and to identify accompanying neural concomitants of those deficits. In Experiment 1, we measured ability to detect biological motion portrayed by point-light animations embedded within masking noise. Experiment 2 measured discrimination accuracy for pairs of point-light biological motion sequences differing in the degree of perturbation of the kinematics portrayed in those sequences. Experiment 3 measured BOLD signals using event-related fMRI during a biological motion categorization task. Compared to healthy individuals, schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse on both the detection (Experiment 1) and discrimination (Experiment 2) tasks. Consistent with the behavioral results, the fMRI study revealed that healthy individuals exhibited strong activation to biological motion, but not to scrambled motion in the posterior portion of the superior temporal sulcus (STSp). Interestingly, strong STSp activation was also observed for scrambled or partially scrambled motion when the healthy participants perceived it as normal biological motion. On the other hand, STSp activation in schizophrenia patients was not selective to biological or scrambled motion. Schizophrenia is accompanied by difficulties discriminating biological from non-biological motion, and associated with those difficulties are altered patterns of neural responses within brain area STSp. The perceptual deficits exhibited by schizophrenia patients may be an exaggerated manifestation of neural events within STSp associated with perceptual errors made by healthy observers on these same tasks. The present findings fit within the context of theories of delusion involving perceptual and cognitive processes.
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