A pigment-deficient mosquito line with fluorescent salivary glands enables in vivo imaging of individual Plasmodium sporozoites

A pigment-deficient mosquito line with fluorescent salivary glands enables in vivo imaging of individual Plasmodium sporozoites
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具有荧光唾液腺的色素缺乏蚊子系能够对单个疟原虫子孢子进行体内成像

DOI:
10.1101/2021.08.16.456529
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通讯作者:
Blandin S
Blandin S
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作者:
Klug D;Arnold K;Marois E;Blandin S

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蚊子唾液是媒介传播病原体的载体,如疟原虫和不同的虫媒病毒。尽管唾液腺在疾病传播过程中起着关键作用,但对该器官内发生的宿主-病原体相互作用的了解非常有限。为了提高唾液腺的实验可追踪性,我们利用茶碱抗血小板蛋白(AAPP)、三功能域蛋白(TRIO)和下垂蛋白(SAG)编码基因的唾液腺特异性启动子,在非洲疟蚊科鲁兹按蚊(anopheles coluzzes)中建立了荧光报告系。在唾液腺的远侧叶或正中叶中特别观察到启动子活性。除了比较所选启动子的表达模式外,荧光探针还使我们能够评估所选启动子对血液喂养的诱导性,并测量细胞内氧化还原变化。我们还将aapp- dsred荧光报告系与色素缺乏的黄蚊突变体结合,以评估寄生虫唾液腺体内显微镜观察的可行性。这种组合可以通过角质层定位唾液腺,并在体内对单个孢子虫进行成像,从而促进了对疟原虫在唾液腺定植的实时成像研究。
Mosquito saliva is a vehicle for the transmission of vector borne pathogens such asPlasmodiumparasites and different arboviruses. Despite the key role of the salivary glands in the process of disease transmission, knowledge of host-pathogen interactions taking place within this organ is very limited. To improve the experimental tractability of the salivary glands, we have generated fluorescent reporter lines in the African malaria mosquitoAnopheles coluzziiusing the salivary gland-specific promoters of theanopheline antiplatelet protein(AAPP), thetriple functional domain protein(TRIO) andsaglin(SAG) coding genes. Promoter activity was specifically observed in the distal-lateral lobes or in the median lobe of the salivary glands. Besides a comparison of the expression patterns of the selected promoters, the fluorescent probes allowed us to evaluate the inducibility of the selected promoters upon blood feeding and to measure intracellular redox changes. We also combined theaapp-DsRedfluorescent reporter line with a pigmentation-deficientyellow(-)mosquito mutant to assess the feasibility ofin vivomicroscopy of parasitized salivary glands. This combination allowed locating the salivary gland through the cuticle and imaging of individual sporozoitesin vivo, which facilitates live imaging studies of salivary gland colonization byPlasmodiumsporozoites.
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