The Pause-then-Cancel model of human action-stopping: Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence.
The Pause-then-Cancel model of human action-stopping: Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.019
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Wessel JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diesburg DA;Wessel JR
停止已经启动的行动的能力是一种关键的认知控制能力。最近关于人类行为停止的研究主要是两个有争议的争论。首先，停止信号后注意定向和运动抑制的贡献（和神经特征）几乎不可能解开。第二，停止信号之后据称抑制性（神经）生理活动的时间已经引起了质疑，哪些神经信号反映了实际上有助于动作停止的过程。在这里，我们提出了一个两阶段模型的行动停止-提出的基础上皮层下啮齿动物记录-可以解决这些争议。将这个模型翻译给人类，我们首先认为注意力定向和运动抑制是不可分割的，因为定向到像停止信号这样的突出事件会自动调用广泛的运动抑制，反映了一个快速作用的，无处不在的运动抑制过程。然后，我们认为，停止信号后的抑制签名不同的延迟，因为它们映射到两个连续的阶段：显着性相关的取消和一个较慢的，停止特定的取消过程。我们制定了模型，讨论了最近在人类中的支持证据，并在其背景下解释现有的数据。
The ability to stop already-initiated actions is a key cognitive control ability. Recent work on human action-stopping has been dominated by two controversial debates. First, the contributions (and neural signatures) of attentional orienting and motor inhibition after stop-signals are near-impossible to disentangle. Second, the timing of purportedly inhibitory (neuro)physiological activity after stop-signals has called into question which neural signatures reflect processes that actually contribute to action-stopping. Here, we propose that a two-stage model of action-stopping – proposed by based on subcortical rodent recordings – may resolve these controversies. Translating this model to humans, we first argue that attentional orienting and motor inhibition are inseparable because orienting to salient events like stop-signals automatically invokes broad motor inhibition, reflecting a fast-acting, ubiquitous Pause process. We then argue that inhibitory signatures after stop-signals differ in latency because they map onto two sequential stages: the salience-related Pause and a slower, stop-specific Cancel process. We formulate the model, discuss recent supporting evidence in humans, and interpret existing data within its context.
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