Value chain for next-generation biofuels: resilience and sustainability of the product life cycle

Value chain for next-generation biofuels: resilience and sustainability of the product life cycle
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下一代生物燃料的价值链:产品生命周期的弹性和可持续性

DOI:
10.1007/s10669-016-9618-1
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lambert, James H.
Lambert, James H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Collier, Zachary A.;Connelly, Elizabeth B.;Polmateer, Thomas L.;Lambert, James H.

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气候变化、价格不确定性和地缘政治不稳定等多种因素促使许多行业研究用生物燃料替代传统石油燃料的可行性。然而,为了使这一过渡成功,这些新的生物燃料必须在环境上是可持续的,并且必须建立必要的支持基础设施,以使这些生物燃料的生产、分配和储存在技术上是可行的,并且具有成本效益。开发从原料生产到分销再到最终用户的价值链,需要通过展示环境、经济和社会效益和激励措施,获得多个利益相关者的支持。两个关键因素是使用生物燃料技术实现的环境效益和价值链对紧急情况的适应程度,以确保向消费者提供稳定的供应。此外,不同的生物燃料途径有不同的成本、收益和风险,必须进行比较。在本文中,我们描述了如何使用生命周期评估(LCA)来建模环境可持续性,以及如何使用基于情景的决策模型来建模价值链倡议的弹性。然后,我们描述如何将可持续性和复原力评估整合到一个迭代的、预期的生命周期评价框架中。这些评估可以作为各种投资的商业案例的基础,也可以作为促进负责任的创新的手段,并以航空业为例。
Multiple factors including climate change, price uncertainties, and geopolitical instability have prompted many industries to investigate the feasibility of replacing traditional petroleum-based fuels with biofuel alternatives. However, to make this transition successful, these new biofuels must be environmentally sustainable and the necessary support infrastructure must be in place to make the production, distribution, and storage of these biofuels technologically feasible and cost effective. Developing a value chain, spanning from feedstock production to distribution to end users, requires garnering buy-in from multiple stakeholders by demonstrating environmental, economic, and social benefits and incentives. Two critical factors are the environmental benefits achieved from the use of the biofuel technology and the degree of resilience of the value chain to emergent conditions to ensure steady supply to consumers. Moreover, different biofuel pathways have different costs, benefits, and risks which must be compared. In this paper, we describe how environmental sustainability can be modeled using life cycle assessment (LCA) and how the resilience of value chain initiatives can be modeled using a scenario-based decision model. We then describe how sustainability and resilience assessments can be integrated in an iterative, anticipatory LCA framework. These assessments can be used as the basis for a business case for various investments, as well as a means for promoting responsible innovations, with the aviation industry used as a case study.
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