Intergenerational transmission of World War II family historical memories of the Resistance

Intergenerational transmission of World War II family historical memories of the Resistance
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二战家庭抵抗运动历史记忆的代际传承

DOI:
10.1111/ajsp.12436
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Luminet, Olivier
Luminet, Olivier
中科院分区:
心理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cordonnier, Aline;Bouchat, Pierre;Hirst, William;Luminet, Olivier

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历史事件的集体记忆既可以通过文化记忆传递,也可以通过交际记忆传递;也就是说,它是由经历过这些特定时代的人传播的。然而,很少有研究考察了一种特殊类型的交际记忆的时间范围:家庭历史记忆。在这篇文章中,我们研究了第二次世界大战记忆的代际传递,这些家庭的祖先在德国占领期间进行了抵抗。我们采访了20个讲法语的比利时家庭,超过三代。在这些单独的访谈中,参与者讲述了他们的祖先和抵抗运动的轶事。然后,对于中间和最年轻的一代,我们提供了一个与最年长的一代选择的故事相关的简短提示,并询问他们是否可以用自己的话讲述这个故事。记忆传递通过复述和回忆两个过程进行分析。我们的主要结果显示,几代人之间有细节的丢失,但不是完全遗忘。我们还发现了一些代代相传的家庭神话。这项研究提供了证据,证明家族历史记忆在一两代人之后就会消失,即使这些记忆描述的是对家庭和社会重要的历史事件。
Collective memory of historical events can be transmitted across generations not only through cultural memory but also through communicative memory; that is, transmitted by people who have lived through these particular times. Yet, few studies have examined the temporal horizon of a particular type of communicative memory: family historical memories. In this article, we examine the intergenerational transmission of memories from the Second World War in families with an ancestor who resisted during the German Occupation. We interviewed 20 French‐speaking Belgian families over three generations. During these individual interviews, participants narrated an anecdote about their ancestor and the Resistance. Then, for the middle and youngest generations, we provided a short cue related to the story chosen by the oldest generation and enquired whether they could tell us the story in their own words. Memory transmission was analysed through two processes: retelling and recalling. Our main result revealed that there was a loss of details across generations, but not complete oblivion. We also found some instances of family myth transmitted across all generations. This study provides evidence that family historical memories fade away after a generation or two, even when these memories describe historical events deemed important for family and society.
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