A review of rhythm and responsiveness of cortisol in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
A review of rhythm and responsiveness of cortisol in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.07.015
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Corbett, Blythe A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor, Julie Lounds;Corbett, Blythe A.
关键词：
通过皮质醇检查自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴已成为越来越多的研究领域。下面的综述包括在过去四十年中对ASD个体队列进行的皮质醇调查。总的来说，研究在检查功能较低的自闭症谱系障碍儿童的整体昼夜节律时发现了调节失调;然而，相对于正常发育的个体，功能较高的个体和昼夜周期的特定方面（皮质醇觉醒反应、每日下降、变异性）的改变的证据有限。对ASD患者皮质醇反应性的研究表明，HPA轴在对生理或物理操作做出反应时整体迟缓。低反应性，观察到的压力，涉及社会评价的威胁，然而，高反应性的HPA轴的情况下，观察到不愉快的刺激或相对良性的社会情况。一些重要的考虑因素进行研究时，皮质醇在ASD队列进行了讨论。
Examination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via cortisol among individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been a growing area of research interest. The following review includes investigations of cortisol conducted with cohorts of individuals with ASD across the lifespan over the past four decades. In general, studies find dysregulation when examining the diurnal rhythm as a whole in lower functioning children with ASD; however, limited evidence exists for alterations in higher functioning individuals and in specific aspects of the diurnal cycle (cortisol awakening response, daily decline, variability) relative to typically developing individuals. Studies examining the responsiveness of cortisol in ASD suggest an overall sluggishness of the HPA axis in responding to physiological or physical manipulation. Hypo-responsiveness was observed in stressors that involve social evaluative threat, however, hyper-responsiveness of the HPA axis was observed in situations involving unpleasant stimuli or relatively benign social situations. A number of important considerations when conducting studies of cortisol in ASD cohorts are discussed.
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