Temporal dynamics of activation of thematic and functional knowledge during conceptual processing of manipulable artifacts.
Temporal dynamics of activation of thematic and functional knowledge during conceptual processing of manipulable artifacts.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0027626
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Buxbaum, Laurel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalenine, Solene;Mirman, Daniel;Middleton, Erica L.;Buxbaum, Laurel J.
本研究旨在明确不同类型语义信息在客体概念加工过程中的激活时间过程，以及语境对这一时间过程的影响。我们区分了主题知识和功能知识以及功能相似性的特异性。研究人员对健康的老年人进行了两项实验，在文字与图片的匹配任务中使用眼动追踪。注视的时间过程被用来评估在识别可操纵的神器目标（如扫帚）过程中分心物体的激活。干扰物是(a)与主题相关（如簸箕），(b)与特定功能相关（如吸尘器），或(c)与一般功能相关（如海绵）。通过生长曲线分析，我们评估了目标词单独呈现（实验1）和嵌入不同通用性水平的语境句（实验2）时的竞争效应。在没有上下文的情况下，与功能相关的对象相比，主题相关的对象的激活时间更早，持续时间更短。一般函数的时差比特定函数的时差更明显。当提供上下文时，与上下文一般水平一致的功能相似性随着这些对象的早期激活而显著增加。语境对主题激活时间过程影响不大。这些数据表明，处理单个可操作工件概念隐含地激活了不同时间进程的主题和功能知识，并且上下文加速了上下文一致功能相似性的激活。
The current research aimed at specifying the activation time course of different types of semantic information during object conceptual processing and the effect of context on this time course. We distinguished between thematic and functional knowledge and the specificity of functional similarity. Two experiments were conducted with healthy older adults using eye tracking in a word-to-picture matching task. The time course of gaze fixations was used to assess activation of distractor objects during the identification of manipulable artifact targets (e.g., broom). Distractors were (a) thematically related (e.g., dustpan), (b) related by a specific function (e.g., vacuum cleaner), or (c) related by a general function (e.g., sponge). Growth curve analyses were used to assess competition effects when target words were presented in isolation (Experiment 1) and embedded in contextual sentences of different generality levels (Experiment 2). In the absence of context, there was earlier and shorter lasting activation of thematically related as compared to functionally related objects. The time course difference was more pronounced for general functions than specific functions. When contexts were provided, functional similarities that were congruent with context generality level increased in salience with earlier activation of those objects. Context had little impact on thematic activation time course. These data demonstrate that processing a single manipulable artifact concept implicitly activates thematic and functional knowledge with different time courses and that context speeds activation of context-congruent functional similarity.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Hare M;Jones M;Thomson C;Kelly S;McRae K
通讯作者：
McRae K
DOI：
10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.11.001
发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Boronat, CB;Buxbaum, LJ;Detre, JA
通讯作者：
Detre, JA
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Crutch, Sebastian J.;Warrington, Elizabeth K.
通讯作者：
Warrington, Elizabeth K.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Altmann, GTM;Kamide, Y
通讯作者：
Kamide, Y
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
FARAH, MJ;MCCLELLAND, JL
通讯作者：
MCCLELLAND, JL