DNA barcoding detects contamination and substitution in North American herbal products.
DNA barcoding detects contamination and substitution in North American herbal products.
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DOI：
10.1186/1741-7015-11-222
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发表时间：
2013-10-11
期刊：
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Ragupathy S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newmaster SG;Grguric M;Shanmughanandhan D;Ramalingam S;Ragupathy S
市场上向消费者提供的草药产品可能受到污染或被标签上未列出的替代植物物种和填充剂替代。据世界卫生组织称，草药产品掺假对消费者安全构成威胁。我们的研究旨在调查草药产品的完整性和真实性，目的是保护消费者免受与产品替代和污染相关的健康风险。我们使用 DNA 条形码对 (i) 代表 12 个公司和 30 种不同草药的 44 种草药产品，以及 (ii) 从 42 种草药采集的 50 个叶子样本的真实性进行了盲测。我们的实验室还从 100 种已知来源的草药物种中构建了第一个标准参考物质 (SRM) 草药条形码库，用于识别未知的草药产品和叶子样品。我们从大多数草药产品 (91%) 和所有叶子样本 (100%) 中恢复了 DNA 条形码，使用分层方法 (rbcL + ITS2) 物种分辨率达到 95%。大多数 (59%) 的测试产品含有标签上未列出的植物物种的 DNA 条形码。尽管我们能够验证近一半 (48%) 的产品，但其中三分之一还含有标签上未列出的污染物和/或填充剂。 30/44 的测试产品中出现了产品替代，只有 2/12 公司的产品没有任何替代、污染或填充物。我们发现的一些污染物对消费者构成严重的健康风险。大多数接受测试的草药产品质量较差，包括大量产品替代、污染和填充剂的使用。这些活动削弱了其他有用补救措施的有效性，由于消费者对所有相关产品缺乏信心而降低了它们的感知价值。我们建议草药行业应采用 DNA 条形码，通过测试制造产品中使用的原材料来验证草药产品。使用 SRM DNA 草药条形码库测试散装材料可以提供一种“最佳实践”方法？在草药产品的制造中。这将为消费者提供安全、优质的草药产品。
Herbal products available to consumers in the marketplace may be contaminated or substituted with alternative plant species and fillers that are not listed on the labels. According to the World Health Organization, the adulteration of herbal products is a threat to consumer safety. Our research aimed to investigate herbal product integrity and authenticity with the goal of protecting consumers from health risks associated with product substitution and contamination. We used DNA barcoding to conduct a blind test of the authenticity for (i) 44 herbal products representing 12 companies and 30 different species of herbs, and (ii) 50 leaf samples collected from 42 herbal species. Our laboratory also assembled the first standard reference material (SRM) herbal barcode library from 100 herbal species of known provenance that were used to identify the unknown herbal products and leaf samples. We recovered DNA barcodes from most herbal products (91%) and all leaf samples (100%), with 95% species resolution using a tiered approach (rbcL + ITS2). Most (59%) of the products tested contained DNA barcodes from plant species not listed on the labels. Although we were able to authenticate almost half (48%) of the products, one-third of these also contained contaminants and or fillers not listed on the label. Product substitution occurred in 30/44 of the products tested and only 2/12 companies had products without any substitution, contamination or fillers. Some of the contaminants we found pose serious health risks to consumers. Most of the herbal products tested were of poor quality, including considerable product substitution, contamination and use of fillers. These activities dilute the effectiveness of otherwise useful remedies, lowering the perceived value of all related products because of a lack of consumer confidence in them. We suggest that the herbal industry should embrace DNA barcoding for authenticating herbal products through testing of raw materials used in manufacturing products. The use of an SRM DNA herbal barcode library for testing bulk materials could provide a method for 'best practices? in the manufacturing of herbal products. This would provide consumers with safe, high quality herbal products.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Hebert PD;Stoeckle MY;Zemlak TS;Francis CM
通讯作者：
Francis CM
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
GANT, TW;DOHERTY, MA;COHEN, GM
通讯作者：
COHEN, GM
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
DAGLISH, C
通讯作者：
DAGLISH, C
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chen S;Yao H;Han J;Liu C;Song J;Shi L;Zhu Y;Ma X;Gao T;Pang X;Luo K;Li Y;Li X;Jia X;Lin Y;Leon C
通讯作者：
Leon C
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0812297106
发表时间：
2009-02-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Awano, Tomoyuki;Johnson, Gary S.;Coates, Joan R.
通讯作者：
Coates, Joan R.