Linking computational models of two core tasks of cognitive control.

Linking computational models of two core tasks of cognitive control.
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认知控制的两个核心任务的计算模型连接。

DOI:
10.1037/rev0000395
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发表时间:
2023-01
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Steyvers, Mark
Steyvers, Mark
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Robinson, Maria M.;Steyvers, Mark

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认知控制是指在分心的情况下保持目标相关信息的能力,使其成为理解人类思想和行为的核心结构。建立理论来解释或预测作为实验操作或个体差异的函数的认知控制的变化,具有很大的理论和实践价值。建立这样的理论的关键一步是确定哪些潜在的结构是共享的实验室任务,旨在衡量认知控制。在目前的工作中,我们研究这个问题,在一个新的方式正式连接计算模型的两个典型的认知控制任务,埃里克森侧翼和任务切换任务。具体来说,我们研究了在一个任务中捕获认知控制过程的模型参数是否可以在模型之间交换,以预测另一个任务中的个体差异。我们将我们的建模和分析应用于来自在线认知训练平台的大规模数据集,这优化了我们检测数据中个体差异的能力。我们的研究结果表明,侧翼和任务转换任务探测共同的控制过程。这一发现支持了这样的观点,即更高层次的认知控制过程,而不是仅仅在速度和准确性的权衡策略,或感知处理和运动反应速度共享的两个任务。我们讨论了我们的计算建模替代方法如何解决以前的努力,在不同的认知控制任务的性能相关的局限性,以及我们的研究结果如何告知当前的认知控制理论。
Cognitive control refers to the ability to maintain goal-relevant information in the face of distraction, making it a core construct for understanding human thought and behavior. There is great theoretical and practical value in building theories that can be used to explain or to predict variations in cognitive control as a function of experimental manipulations or individual differences. A critical step toward building such theories is determining which latent constructs are shared between laboratory tasks that are designed to measure cognitive control. In the current work, we examine this question in a novel way by formally linking computational models of two canonical cognitive control tasks, the Eriksen flanker and task-switching task. Specifically, we examine whether model parameters that capture cognitive control processes in one task can be swapped across models to make predictions about individual differences in performance on another task. We apply our modeling and analysis to a large scale data set from an online cognitive training platform, which optimizes our ability to detect individual differences in the data. Our results suggest that the flanker and task-switching tasks probe common control processes. This finding supports the view that higher level cognitive control processes as opposed to solely strategies in speed and accuracy tradeoffs, or perceptual processing and motor response speed are shared across the two tasks. We discuss how our computational modeling substitution approach addresses limitations of prior efforts to relate performance across different cognitive control tasks, and how our findings inform current theories of cognitive control.
额顶认知控制网络的年龄差异:对注意力分散的影响。
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.05.025
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发表时间: 1963-01-01
影响因子: 5.4
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