Pro-cognitive drug effects modulate functional brain network organization.
Pro-cognitive drug effects modulate functional brain network organization.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00053
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Thiel CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giessing C;Thiel CM
以往的研究表明，胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能药物可改善健康受试者和神经精神疾病患者的注意力、记忆力和认知控制。在人类中，胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能调节的神经机制主要是通过研究药物诱导的任务相关神经活动的变化来分析的，这些变化是用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）测量的。内源性神经活动常常被忽视。此外，尽管药物影响神经元之间的耦合，但只有少数人类研究明确阐述了药物如何调节功能性连接体，即，大脑中的功能性神经互动。这些研究主要集中在大脑激活的同步或相关性。最近，有一些药物研究使用图论和其他新的数学方法将大脑建模为相互连接的处理节点的复杂网络。使用这些措施，它是可能的，以检测不仅局灶性的，但也微妙的，广泛分布的药物作用的功能网络拓扑结构。最重要的是，图论的措施也量化是否药物引起的拓扑结构或网络组织的变化，促进或阻碍信息处理。一些研究表明，功能性脑整合与行为表现高度相关，这表明改善认知表现的胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能药物应增加功能性网络整合。本文的目的是表明图论提供了一种数学工具来开发促认知药物效应的理论驱动的生物标志物，并讨论这些方法如何有助于理解胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能调节在人类大脑中的作用。最后，我们讨论了“全局工作空间”理论作为药物促认知效应的理论框架，并认为胆碱能和去甲肾上腺素能药物的促认知效应可能与更高的网络整合有关。
Previous studies document that cholinergic and noradrenergic drugs improve attention, memory and cognitive control in healthy subjects and patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. In humans neural mechanisms of cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation have mainly been analyzed by investigating drug-induced changes of task-related neural activity measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Endogenous neural activity has often been neglected. Further, although drugs affect the coupling between neurons, only a few human studies have explicitly addressed how drugs modulate the functional connectome, i.e., the functional neural interactions within the brain. These studies have mainly focused on synchronization or correlation of brain activations. Recently, there are some drug studies using graph theory and other new mathematical approaches to model the brain as a complex network of interconnected processing nodes. Using such measures it is possible to detect not only focal, but also subtle, widely distributed drug effects on functional network topology. Most important, graph theoretical measures also quantify whether drug-induced changes in topology or network organization facilitate or hinder information processing. Several studies could show that functional brain integration is highly correlated with behavioral performance suggesting that cholinergic and noradrenergic drugs which improve measures of cognitive performance should increase functional network integration. The purpose of this paper is to show that graph theory provides a mathematical tool to develop theory-driven biomarkers of pro-cognitive drug effects, and also to discuss how these approaches can contribute to the understanding of the role of cholinergic and noradrenergic modulation in the human brain. Finally we discuss the “global workspace” theory as a theoretical framework of pro-cognitive drug effects and argue that pro-cognitive effects of cholinergic and noradrenergic drugs might be related to higher network integration.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Bauer, Markus;Kluge, Christian;Bach, Dominik;Bradbury, David;Heinze, Hans Jochen;Dolan, Raymond J.;Driver, Jon
通讯作者：
Driver, Jon
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Achard S;Bullmore E
通讯作者：
Bullmore E
影响因子：
19.9
作者：
Bassett, Danielle S.;Gazzaniga, Michael S.
通讯作者：
Gazzaniga, Michael S.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Barnes A;Bullmore ET;Suckling J
通讯作者：
Suckling J
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Bartolomei, Fabrice;Naccache, Lionel
通讯作者：
Naccache, Lionel