The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): is the "prevention paradox" applicable to alcohol problems across Hispanic national groups?
The Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS): is the "prevention paradox" applicable to alcohol problems across Hispanic national groups?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01460.x
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发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mills BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caetano R;Mills BA
“预防悖论”，即大多数与酒精有关的问题是由非重度饮酒者造成的，对公共卫生政策和预防工作具有重要意义。这一矛盾的程度引发了一场辩论，即针对特定高风险饮酒者群体的酒精政策与针对广大人群的更全球性方法之间应该达成何种平衡。本文探讨的概念，在美国的四个西班牙裔民族群体中的大多数酒精问题是由于适度饮酒。在美国的五个大都市地区进行了一项采用多阶段聚类抽样设计的一般人口调查，在受访者家中进行了面对面的访谈。研究参与者包括2,773名18岁及以上的饮酒者。在过去一年中饮酒（底部90%与顶部10%），酗酒（狂欢与没有狂欢），以及由体积和狂欢标准定义的四因素分组。与酒精有关的危害包括14个社会和依赖问题。根据西班牙裔国家群体的不同，处于底层90%的饮酒者造成了56%至73%的社会问题，并造成了55%至73%的与依赖有关的问题。酗酒者是造成大多数社会问题（53%至75%）和依赖相关问题（59%至73%）的原因，这也取决于西班牙裔国家群体。在分布的底部90%的酗酒者比在体积分布的顶部10%的酗酒者在所有社会和依赖相关问题中所占的比例更大。古巴裔美国人是个例外。当使用基于量的风险分组时，预防悖论成立，当使用酗酒风险分组时，预防悖论消失。除古巴裔美国人外，在所有群体中，平均适度饮酒的酗酒者比酗酒者造成的危害更大。
The “prevention paradox”, a notion that most alcohol-related problems are generated by non-heavy drinkers, has significant relevance to public health policy and prevention efforts. The extent of the paradox has driven debate over the type of balance that should be struck between alcohol policies targeting a select group of high-risk drinkers versus more global approaches that target the population at-large. This paper examines the notion that most alcohol problems among four Hispanic national groups in the U.S. are attributable to moderate drinkers. A general population survey employing a multistage cluster sample design, with face-to-face interviews in respondents' homes was conducted in five metropolitan areas of the U.S. Study participants included a total of 2,773 current drinkers 18 years and older. Alcohol consumed in the past year (bottom 90% vs. top 10%), binge drinking (binge vs. no binge), and a four-way grouping defined by volume and binge criteria were used. Alcohol-related harms included 14 social and dependence problems. Drinkers at the bottom 90% of the distribution are responsible for 56% to 73% of all social problems, and for 55% to 73% of all dependence-related problems reported, depending on Hispanic national group. Binge drinkers are responsible for the majority of the social problems (53% to 75%) and dependence-related problems (59% to 73%), also depending on Hispanic national group. Binge drinkers at the bottom 90% of the distribution are responsible for a larger proportion of all social and dependence-related problems reported than those at the top 10% of the volume distribution. Cuban Americans are an exception. The prevention paradox holds when using volume-based risk groupings and disappears when using a binge-drinking risk grouping. Binge drinkers who drink moderately on an average account for more harms than those who drink heavily across all groups, with exception of Cuban Americans.
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影响因子：
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