Structural features, evolutionary relationships, and transcriptional regulation of C-type lectin-domain proteins in Manduca sexta.
Structural features, evolutionary relationships, and transcriptional regulation of C-type lectin-domain proteins in Manduca sexta.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.12.006
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Jiang, Haobo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rao, Xiang-Jun;Cao, Xiaolong;He, Yan;Hu, Yingxia;Zhang, Xiufeng;Chen, Yun-Ru;Blissard, Gary;Kanost, Michael R.;Yu, Xiao-Qiang;Jiang, Haobo
关键词：
C型凝集素（C-type lectins，CTL）是一类钙离子依赖性糖结合蛋白，主要参与免疫和细胞粘附。我们已经确定了34个CTLDP（CTL结构域蛋白）基因在天蛾基因组中，编码蛋白质的1至3个CTL结构域。CTL-S1至S9（S代表简单）具有一个或三个CTL结构域;免疫球蛋白-1至19具有两个CTL结构域; CTL-X1至X6（X代表复杂）具有一个或两个CTL结构域以及其他结构模块沿着。9个简单的CTL和17个免疫凝集素具有信号肽，并且可能是细胞外的。五个复合CTL具有N-末端信号肽和C-末端跨膜区，表明它们是膜锚定的。免疫凝集素广泛存在于鳞翅目昆虫中，并且谱系特异性基因复制在鳞翅目昆虫中产生了三个14个基因的簇。sexta基因组，其中13个具有相似的表达模式。CTL-S1~S6、S8和X1~X6在至少4种鳞翅目/双翅目/鞘翅目昆虫中具有1：1的直向同源物，表明它们在全变态昆虫中具有保守的功能。结构建模表明，某些碳水化合物的CTL结构域的钙依赖性或独立的结合的关键残基。启动子分析在18个CTL基因中鉴定了推定的κB基序，其在mRNA或蛋白水平上与免疫诱导没有强相关性。基因鉴定、序列比较、结构建模、系统发育分析和表达谱分析为进一步的研究奠定了基础。Sexta CTL结构域蛋白。
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a large family of Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins recognizing various glycoconjugates and functioning primarily in immunity and cell adhesion. We have identified 34 CTLDP (for CTL-domain protein) genes in the Manduca sexta genome, which encode proteins with one to three CTL domains. CTL-S1 through S9 (S for simple) have one or three CTL domains; immulectin-1 through 19 have two CTL domains; CTL-X1 through X6 (X for complex) have one or two CTL domains along with other structural modules. Nine simple CTLs and seventeen immulectins have a signal peptide and are likely extracellular. Five complex CTLs have both an N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal transmembrane region, indicating that they are membrane anchored. Immulectins exist broadly in Lepidoptera and lineage-specific gene duplications have generated three clusters of fourteen genes in the M. sexta genome, thirteen of which have similar expression patterns. In contrast to the family expansion, CTL-S1~S6, S8, and X1~X6 have 1:1 orthologs in at least four lepidopteran/dipteran/coleopteran species, suggestive of conserved functions in a wide range of holometabolous insects. Structural modeling suggests the key residues for Ca2+-dependent or independent binding of certain carbohydrates by CTL domains. Promoter analysis identified putative κB motifs in eighteen of the CTL genes, which did not have a strong correlation with immune inducibility in the mRNA or protein levels. Together, the gene identification, sequence comparisons, structure modeling, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling establish a solid foundation for future studies of M. sexta CTL-domain proteins.
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