Decontamination of N95 masks for re-use employing 7 widely available sterilization methods.
Decontamination of N95 masks for re-use employing 7 widely available sterilization methods.
复制标题
使用7种广泛可用的灭菌方法的N95口罩进行净化。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0243965
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Krishnan J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar A;Kasloff SB;Leung A;Cutts T;Strong JE;Hills K;Gu FX;Chen P;Vazquez-Grande G;Rush B;Lother S;Malo K;Zarychanski R;Krishnan J
由于应对新冠肺炎疫情，世界各地出现了个人防护装备的严重短缺。特别是，N95口罩的供应已经严重枯竭，在许多国家，供应必须配给，卫生保健人员不得不长时间使用口罩。我们试图测试7种不同的去污方法：高压灭菌法、环氧乙烷充气(ETO)、低温过氧化氢气体等离子体(LT-HPGP)处理、蒸气过氧化氢(VHP)暴露、过氧乙酸干雾(PAF)、紫外线C照射(UVCI)和湿热(MH)处理对实验中被SARS-CoV-2或水泡性口炎病毒污染的各种不同N95口罩的去污能力。此外，我们试图确定口罩在保持结构和功能完整性的同时是否能耐受反复的去污循环。除UVCI外，所有方法都能有效地完全消除处理过的口罩上的活病毒。我们发现，所有的口罩都能耐受至少一个周期的所有治疗方式，没有结构或功能恶化，通过FIT测试进行评估；过滤效率测试结果基本相似，除了单一周期的LT-HPGP与评估的6个口罩中的3个失败有关。通过适配和过滤测试，VHP、PAF、UVCI和MH与保持面罩完整性相关，至少10个循环。环氧乙烷充气至最大3次循环也显示出类似的结果。折叠、分层的非织造布N95口罩在至少10次高压灭菌的适合性测试中保持完整性，但模制的N95口罩在1次循环后不合格；然而，所有口罩的过滤测试在5次循环中完好无损。由于高压灭菌器在卫生保健环境中几乎无处不在，成功地应用于分层、褶皱口罩的高压灭菌器可能对全球的机构特别有用。考虑到能够在资源充足的环境下改装医院病房中普遍存在的加热柜，应用湿热可能允许对N95口罩进行本地处理。
The response to the COVID-19 epidemic is generating severe shortages of personal protective equipment around the world. In particular, the supply of N95 respirator masks has become severely depleted, with supplies having to be rationed and health care workers having to use masks for prolonged periods in many countries. We sought to test the ability of 7 different decontamination methods: autoclave treatment, ethylene oxide gassing (ETO), low temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma (LT-HPGP) treatment, vaporous hydrogen peroxide (VHP) exposure, peracetic acid dry fogging (PAF), ultraviolet C irradiation (UVCI) and moist heat (MH) treatment to decontaminate a variety of different N95 masks following experimental contamination with SARS-CoV-2 or vesicular stomatitis virus as a surrogate. In addition, we sought to determine whether masks would tolerate repeated cycles of decontamination while maintaining structural and functional integrity. All methods except for UVCI were effective in total elimination of viable virus from treated masks. We found that all respirator masks tolerated at least one cycle of all treatment modalities without structural or functional deterioration as assessed by fit testing; filtration efficiency testing results were mostly similar except that a single cycle of LT-HPGP was associated with failures in 3 of 6 masks assessed. VHP, PAF, UVCI, and MH were associated with preserved mask integrity to a minimum of 10 cycles by both fit and filtration testing. A similar result was shown with ethylene oxide gassing to the maximum 3 cycles tested. Pleated, layered non-woven fabric N95 masks retained integrity in fit testing for at least 10 cycles of autoclaving but the molded N95 masks failed after 1 cycle; filtration testing however was intact to 5 cycles for all masks. The successful application of autoclaving for layered, pleated masks may be of particular use to institutions globally due to the virtually universal accessibility of autoclaves in health care settings. Given the ability to modify widely available heating cabinets on hospital wards in well-resourced settings, the application of moist heat may allow local processing of N95 masks.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1177/1535676020936381
发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
Applied Biosafety: Journal of the American Biological Safety Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hankenson FC;Mauntel M;Willard J;Pittsley L;Degg W;Burnell N;Vierling A;Griffis S
通讯作者：
Griffis S
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
LAUDE, H
通讯作者：
LAUDE, H
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Rabenau HF;Cinatl J;Morgenstern B;Bauer G;Preiser W;Doerr HW
通讯作者：
Doerr HW
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Okpara-Hofmann, J;Knoll, M;Borneff-Lipp, M
通讯作者：
Borneff-Lipp, M
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Leclercq I;Batéjat C;Burguière AM;Manuguerra JC
通讯作者：
Manuguerra JC