ROCK inhibition abolishes the establishment of the aquiferous system in Ephydatia muelleri (Porifera, Demospongiae).
ROCK inhibition abolishes the establishment of the aquiferous system in Ephydatia muelleri (Porifera, Demospongiae).
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ROCK 抑制作用消除了 Ephydatia muelleri（Porifera、Demospongiae）中含水系统的建立。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.026
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hill,AprilL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schenkelaars,Quentin;Quintero,Omar;Hall,Chelsea;Fierro-Constain,Laura;Renard,Emmanuelle;Borchiellini,Carole;Hill,AprilL
Rho相关的卷曲蛋白激酶（ROCK）在双边动物的发育中起着至关重要的作用。Rho/Rock通路是启动上皮形态发生和建立两侧动物身体计划所必需的，这一事实使这一保守的信号通路成为研究可能控制基部分支后生动物早期发育的分子机制的关键。本研究的目的是评估海绵中是否存在该信号通路的主要成分，如果存在，则通过评估棘球藻发育过程中的ROCK功能来研究该调控网络在早期分支非双边物种中的可能作用。分子系统发育分析和蛋白质结构域预测表明，在所有研究的多孔体谱系中都存在Rho/Rock组分。结合实验表明，Y-27632和GSK429286A均能体外抑制Em-ROCK活性。用这两种药物治疗会导致发育中的海绵的生长和基部针状表皮层的形成受损。此外，Em-Rock的抑制作用阻碍了功能性含水系统的建立，包括缺少隐骨。相比之下，在已经具有完全发育和功能的含水系统的海绵幼体中，没有观察到ROCK抑制的效果。因此，Rho/Rock通路似乎对淡水海绵的正常发育至关重要，并可能在各种细胞行为（如细胞增殖、细胞粘附和细胞运动）中发挥作用。综上所述，这些数据与Rho/Rock信号在早期发育过程中发挥作用的祖先功能一致，并可能为研究Wnt信号与Rho/Rock通路之间的相互作用提供新的框架。
The Rho associated coiled-coil protein kinase (ROCK) plays crucial roles in development across bilaterian animals. The fact that the Rho/Rock pathway is required to initiate epithelial morphogenesis and thus to establish body plans in bilaterians makes this conserved signaling pathway key for studying the molecular mechanisms that may control early development of basally branching metazoans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether or not the main components of this signaling pathway exist in sponges, and if present, to investigate the possible role of the regulatory network in an early branching non-bilaterian species by evaluating ROCK function duringEphydatia muelleridevelopment. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and protein domain predictions revealed the existence of Rho/Rock components in all studied poriferan lineages. Binding assays revealed that both Y-27632 and GSK429286A are capable of inhibiting Em-ROCK activityin vitro. Treatment with both drugs leads to impairment of growth and formation of the basal pinacoderm layer in the developing sponge. Furthermore, inhibition of Em-Rock prevents the establishment of a functional aquiferous system, including the absence of an osculum. In contrast, no effect of ROCK inhibition was observed in juvenile sponges that already possess a fully developed and functional aquiferous system. Thus, the Rho/Rock pathway appears to be essential for the proper development of the freshwater sponge, and may play a role in various cell behaviors (e.g. cell proliferation, cell adhesion and cell motility). Taken together, these data are consistent with an ancestral function of Rho/Rock signaling in playing roles in early developmental processes and may provide a new framework to study the interaction between Wnt signaling and the Rho/Rock pathway.
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