Microbe hunting in the modern era: reflecting on a decade of microbial genomic epidemiology.
Microbe hunting in the modern era: reflecting on a decade of microbial genomic epidemiology.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.097
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发表时间：
2020-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baker KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker KS
自从首次认识到传染性微生物是许多人类疾病的病因以来，医生和科学家一直在寻求了解和控制其传播。在过去的 150 多年里，这些“微生物猎人”已经学会将流行病学信息与传染源知识结合起来。在本文中，我从微生物学和分子时代的前胚芽理论流行病学研究的历史开始，反思了微生物狩猎的演变。现在处于基因组时代，现代微生物猎人正在将病原体全基因组测序与流行病学数据相结合，以加强流行病学调查，增进我们对病原体自然史和疾病驱动因素的理解，并最终重塑我们全球疾病控制和根除的计划和优先事项。事实上，正如我们在当前的 Covid-19 大流行期间所看到的那样，微生物猎人的作用现在比以往任何时候都更加重要。尽管微生物基因组流行病学已经取得了进展，但该领域仍处于成熟阶段，即将出现更多令人兴奋的发展。约翰·斯诺 (John Snow) 对 1854 年伦敦霍乱疫情的开创性工作开创了微生物流行病学的黄金时代。现在，凯特·贝克反思了基因组学时代的进步如何与历史方法相结合，以激励新一代的微生物猎人，从而对传染病的传播产生新的见解。
Since the first recognition that infectious microbes serve as the causes of many human diseases, physicians and scientists have sought to understand and control their spread. For the past 150+ years, these ‘microbe hunters’ have learned to combine epidemiological information with knowledge of the infectious agent(s). In this essay, I reflect on the evolution of microbe hunting, beginning with the history of pre-germ theory epidemiological studies, through the microbiological and molecular eras. Now in the genomic age, modern-day microbe hunters are combining pathogen whole-genome sequencing with epidemiological data to enhance epidemiological investigations, advance our understanding of the natural history of pathogens and drivers of disease, and ultimately reshape our plans and priorities for global disease control and eradication. Indeed, as we have seen during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, the role of microbe hunters is now more important than ever. Despite the advances already made by microbial genomic epidemiology, the field is still maturing, with many more exciting developments on the horizon. John Snow’s pioneering work on a London cholera outbreak in 1854 ushered in the golden age of microbial epidemiology. Now, Kate Baker reflects on how advances of the genomics era have been integrated with historical methods to inspire a new generation of microbe hunters, yielding new insights into the spread of infectious diseases.
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