How to Build a Bacterial Cell: MreB as the Foreman of E. coli Construction.-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.050

发表时间：

2018-03-08

期刊：

Cell

影响因子：

64.5

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

生物学1区

文献类型：

作者：

Shi H;Bratton BP;Gitai Z;Huang KC

来源链接：

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5846203/

细胞形状在生命王国中至关重要，细胞具有定义和维持特定形状和大小的非凡能力。但是，微米大小的细胞的形状是如何由纳米大小的蛋白质的协调活动决定的呢？在这里，我们回顾了杆状细菌生长研究中出现的一般原则。成像方法显示，肌动蛋白同源物MreB的聚合物起着核心作用。MreB可以感知并改变细胞的形状，从而产生一个自组织的反馈系统来维持形状。在分子水平上，结构和计算研究表明，MreB细丝表现出可调的机械性能，解释了它们对某些几何形状和取向的偏好沿着圆柱形细胞体。我们说明了棒状形成的监管景观和细胞形状，细胞生长和细胞生理学的其他方面之间的连接。这些发现为未来研究微生物的结构和构造提供了框架。

Cell shape matters across the kingdoms of life, and cells have the remarkable capacity to define and maintain specific shapes and sizes. But how are the shapes of micron-sized cells determined from the coordinated activities of nanometer-sized proteins? Here, we review general principles that have surfaced by the study of rod-shaped bacterial growth. Imaging approaches have revealed that polymers of the actin homolog MreB play a central role. MreB both senses and changes cell shape, thereby generating a self-organizing feedback system for shape maintenance. At the molecular level, structural and computational studies indicate that MreB filaments exhibit tunable mechanical properties that explain their preference for certain geometries and orientations along the cylindrical cell body. We illustrate the regulatory landscape of rod-shape formation and the connectivity between cell shape, cell growth, and other aspects of cell physiology. These discoveries provide a framework for future investigations into the architecture and construction of microbes.